CHAPTER # 1 Q.DEFINE CHEMISTRY. A. Chemistry‚ a branch of physical science‚ is the study of the composition‚ properties and behavior of matter. Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their interactions with other atoms‚ and particularly with the properties of chemical bonds. Chemistry is also concerned with the interactions between atoms and various forms of energy Q.DEFINE THE BRANCHES OF CHEMISTRY. * Physical chemistry is the study of macroscopic‚ atomic‚ subatomic‚ and particulate phenomena
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L. Lavoisier laid the foundation of chemical sciences by establishing two important laws of chemical combination. (a) The Law of conservation of mass states that mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. (b) The law of constant proportions which is also known as the law of definite proportions was stated by Proust as “In a chemical substance the elements are always present in definite proportions by mass”. E.g. In a compound such as water‚ the ratio of the mass of hydrogen
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Laws Boyles law: P at constatnt T is iversely prop to V P1V1=P2V2 EX:Calculate the volume of a sample of gas at 5.75 atm if it occupies 5.14 L at 2.49 atm. (Assume constant temperature.) Charles Law: V at constant P is directly prop to absolute T V1/T1 = V2/T2 Avogadro law: V is directly prop to number of moles (n) at constant T and P V1/n1 = V2/n2 EX: What volume in liters of water vapor will be produced when 34 L of H2 and 17 L of O2 react according to the equation: 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g)
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electric current. Amedeo Avogadro (1776 - 1856) - He is known for proposing the Avogadro’s Law which states that‚ "Equal volumes of gases contain the equal number of molecules when the given temperature and pressure are same for all the gases." The number of molecules present is known as‚ Avogadro’s number and is 6.023 x 1023 Jons Jacob Berzelius (1779 - 1848) - He was Swedish and gave the technique of chemical formula notations. He also proposed the law of constant proportions‚ which proved
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The International System of Units And its base units PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Wed‚ 08 May 2013 17:06:00 UTC Contents Articles Overview International System of Units 1 1 20 20 30 35 37 39 39 42 51 69 75 78 82 86 90 90 93 Organisations Metre Convention General Conference on Weights and Measures International Bureau of Weights and Measures International Committee for Weights and Measures
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|WEEK |LEARNING OBJECTIVES |LEARNING OUTCOMES |ACTIVITIES |REMARKS | |1 |FORM 4 ORIENTATION | | |4/1 – 6/1 |
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includes N atoms (N is Avogadro number) 10. III. C3H4 that includes 1‚5 N C atoms 11. Find relation between number of atoms of given matters. 12. I. 6 PH3 molecules 13. II. CO2 that includes 24N atom 14. III. 8mol O3 15. If‚ 8‚4 g X element includes 9‚03x1022 atoms and 0‚1mol X2Y3 compound is 16g find atomic mass of Y element. (Avogadro number is 6‚02x1023)
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Boyle declared in 1662 that‚ “For a fixed amount of gas kept at a fixed temperature‚ P and V are inversely proportional.” After Boyle many followed in the study of gases. Two scientists who chose to study this were Amedeo Avogadro and Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac. Amedeo Avogadro had hypothesized that Equal volumes of gases‚ at the same temperature and pressure‚ contain the same number
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1 SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY 1 UNIT 1 SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY After studying this unit‚ you will be able to • understand and appreciate the role of chemistry in different spheres of life; • explain the characteristics of three states of matter; • classify different substances into elements‚ compounds and mixtures; • define SI base units and list some commonly used prefixes; • use scientific notations and perform simple mathematical operations on numbers;
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energy is the energy of a body arising from motion of its atoms or molecules. It is directly proportional to the temperature of the substance. THE GAS LAWS Boyle’s Law At constant temperature‚ the pressure of a fixed amount of gas is inversely proportional to its volume. P1V1 = P2V2 Each curve corresponds to a different constant temperature and is known
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