corresponding to the above three stages. Reactions (1) and (3) can be indicated by phenolphthalein and that of reaction (2) can be indicated by methyl orange. Stoichiometry confines each of the above pH reactions to react according to a mole ratio of 1 : 1. This means‚ say from equation (2)‚ the number of mole of HCl(aq) determined from the methyl orange titration is equal to the number of mole of NaHCO3(aq). Likewise‚ total number of moles of NaOH(aq) and Na2CO3(aq) in the solution mixture can be
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sterilized in the flame before and after being put into the TSA slant containing the unknown bacteria. After the medium was inoculated it was incubated in the 37ºC room for 24 hours. When that was finished the test tube was taken out and 15 drops of methyl red indicator was to the medium(Leboffe & Pierce‚ 162). Voges-Proskaur Test The next test was the VP test. As always the inoculating tool was sterilized in the flame of the burner before and after picking up the bacteria. After the media was inoculated
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1 2 Initial Burette Reading (mL) 25.00 18.50 Final Burette Reading (mL) 49.80 43.50 NH4OH used (mL) 24.80 25.00 Average Titre Volume (mL) Table 1.2 : Volume of 0.1M of NH4OH used to titrate 25mL of 0.1M of HCl using screened methyl orange as indicator. B. Weak acid-strong base titration 1 2 Initial Burette Reading (mL) 15.10 13.30 Final Burette Reading (mL) 40.30 38.70 NaOH used (mL) 25.20 25.40 Average Titre Volume (mL) Table 2.1: Volume of 0.1M of NaOH used
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volume needed to neutralize the soda ash is used to compute for its alkalinity‚ in this experiment we obtained a 17.6 % alkalinity with an error of 15.14% In the analysis of a carbonate-bicarbonate mixture two indicators (phenolphthalein and methyl orange) were used. The first endpoint determines the half-neutralization of the carbonate and the second determines that of the bicarbonate. The experiment results to an analysis of 4.92% carbonate and 5.07% bicarbonate content in the unknown sample.
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food that we eat to check if it is safe to use for us humans and not harm us. With pH‚ products have become safer and less harmful to our environment and ourselves. Materials Various indicators ● Bro blue ● Phe red ● Met red ● Methyl blue ● Met orange ● Methyl yellow Various unknowns Watch trays Procedures 1. Take 6 indicators that are all different colors. 2. Take the 4 unknowns numbered 14 3. Take a watch tray and wash it down before using it. 4. Put the indicator that is numbered 1in 6 slots on the watch tray
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color | |Methyl Orange |Yellow |Red to yellow |pH > 4.4 | |Bromthymol Blue |Yellow |Yellow to blue |pH < 6 | |Litmus |No color change |Red to blue |4.5 < pH < 8.3 | |Methyl Red |Orange
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1. To use methyl orange and phenolphthalein as indicators to determine accurately the end of an acid-base titration. 2. To present titration data correctly. Observations: Table of Results Showing The Amount Of 0.12 Mol/dm3 Hydrochloric Acid Required to Neutralise 25cm3 Of Sodium Carbonate of an unknown Concentration Using Methyl Orange Indicator. Pipette Solution | Sodium Carbonate | Mol/dm3 | Burette Solution | Hydrochloric Acid | 0.12Mol/dm3 | Indicator | Methyl Orange | | | | Trial
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should be 5 columns for the Chemical Indicators in the tables. ○ Phenolphthalein ○ Methyl orange ○ Blue litmus ○ Red litmus ○ Red cabbage juice ● Change: There are only 5 unknown solutions (A-E). Part I and II ● Change: You do not need to collect each chemical in test tubes. For Steps 2-8: ○ “Set up a grid on your ceramic spot plate. Add 1 or 2 drops of phenolphthalein into 1 well. Add 1 or 2 drops of methyl orange to a new well. Add 1 or 2 drops of red cabbage juice to a new well. Tear a small piece
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standard concentration curve for bromophenol blue. 3. To determine the concentration of the unknown bromophenol blue solutions. 4. To determine the concentration of two different solutes‚ bromophenol blue and methyl orange‚ in a mixture. Material and method: Refer to practical manual page 7 Results: Part 1: Determination of Amax of bromophemol blue Table 1.1 Wavelength(nm) Absorbance 470 0.064 500 0.116
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Objective: To understand the importance of choosing suitable indicators for detecting the end points of acid-base titrations. To obtain titration curves some acid-base titrations. Materials and method: As shown in page 2 and 3 in General Chemistry practical manual 2011. Result: Part 1: Suitability of Indicators Strong acid-weak base titration Table I: Volume Titration Rough Accurate 1 Accurate 2 Final volume 0.00 14.65 0.00 Initial volume 35.20 48.00 33.50 Volume of
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