Art History Islamic Art and the Art of the Ottomans (Divine Decoration) Islam: “Submission to God’s Will” Muhammed: “Messenger of God” Qur’an: “Recitations” Muslims: “Those who have submitted to God” The Dome of the Rock (691) Jerusalem‚ Recognized by Jews and Christians Jews: Temple of Solomon‚ site where Adam was created Christians: Jesus chased out the money-lenders Built in shape of Martyrium Holy place‚ that of martyrdom Inside is all geometric patterns‚ clerestory
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After becoming the bishop of Milan‚ Ambrose made many changes within the Western Church. He was accountable for the two first theological works written in Latin‚ which were De Sacramentis on the Sacraments and De Spirtu Sancto on the Holy Spirit. Ambrose was also able to instruct and strengthen the process of preparing for Baptism. He reformed the Church’s way of singing by introducing singing into the Western Church. The singing that was done in the church at the time was known as the “Ambrosian
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Ibrahīm Pasha‚ Muḩammad `Alī’s armies seized Palestine and Syria and were within a few days march of Constantinople. Russian intervention led to a negotiated solution in 1833‚ leaving Muhammad Ali in control of Syria and Palestine. In 1839 Sultan Mahmud II resumed the war‚ but was decisively defeated by Ibrahim at Konya and died shortly thereafter. Once again‚ Egyptian armies neared Constantinople‚ and this time were turned back by multilateral European intervention that required Muhammad Ali and
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1. In both Buddhism and Hinduism the goal is to reach bliss otherwise know as Enlightenment or Moksha. Both Buddhist and Hindus try to accumulate as much positive karma possible. They both believe in reincarnation and believe all suffering comes from worldly desires or things. In Buddhism anyone can achieve Enlightenment‚ but in Hinduism only people in the Brahmin caste can achieve Moksha. In Buddhism there is no God‚ but in Hinduism there is many Gods. In Hinduism they believe in the caste system
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were barbarians who only did it for citizenship and slaves. None of these actually cared for the advancement of Rome. The western empire started becoming increasingly barbarian. Another problem came when Constantine came into power and declared Constantinople (in the east) the center of the Roman Empire. Because of this‚ Western cities lost their power over the cities of the east; the west was less economically developed and less urbanized. The population in the west was also more spread out over a
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The empire itself became to large for one central authority to govern. The emperor Diocletian split the empire into two separate parts: eastern and western. Constantinople was the capital of the East and Rome remained the capital of the West. Both were individually ruled by their own emperor. The split happened after Constantine died and did not become permanent until 395 CE. Separate political parties controlled
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of the Ottoman Empire created a problem in Eastern Europe Rival interests in the region were a permanent threat to European peace: Russians wanted: Expansion into Slavic lands Secure the straits for access to the Mediterranean Recover Constantinople for Christian Orthodoxy Prevent Austrian expansion along their south-western boundaries Austrians wanted: Expansion into Serbian lands to counter Slav nationalism Protect their trade route down the Danube Prevent Russian expansion along
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Throughout history there have been numerous counts of individuals who have seemingly sprung from nowhere and ravaged prosperous empires. Attila the Hun is no different. To most people‚ he is merely known as a mindless barbarian. Nothing about the man himself‚ his world‚ or his significance is ever discussed‚ which detracts from the influential person that he was. There was so much more to him than mere barbarism. Attila’s power derived from his astonishing character. He was brutal and arrogant‚ but
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Schism mid 9th century: Photius‚ Patriarch of Constantinople made first deliberate attempt to serve the Greek Church from the West. Disagreements ranged from a celibate priesthood to the filioque clause in the Creed‚ to the use of unleavened bread in the Eucharist‚ omitting the alleluia during Lent‚ etc. • Patriarch Michal Cerularius declared the use of unleavened bread in the Holy Eucharist invalid and closed all Latin Rite Churches in Constantinople. Pope Leo IX excommunicated Cerularius and the
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growing resentment and harsh tactics from both sides‚ creating tension even before their arrival in Constantinople on October 4th. For Emperor Manuel‚ ending the war with the Seljuk Turks was a pragmatic decision given the more immediate threat posed by the French and German soldiers at his gates. He was aware of the extremist elements within both camps advocating for an assault on Constantinople. To prevent such an outcome‚ Manuel insinuated to the Franks that they were in danger from a large Turkish
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