CHEM 208 Module 2: List the steps of the scientific method: Scientific Method: performing a study in organized step: (led to enunciation of Law of Conversation of Mass and Matter) 1. Performing experiments: a. An experiment is a set of steps (procedures) that are performed under controlled
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subatomic particles. The nucleus of an atom is composed of two different types of particles‚ protons and neutrons. Protons are positively charged atoms. The weight of a proton is one amu. Protons are located inside the nucleus and cannot move from inside the nucleus. The proton symbol is . Neutrons are also located inside the nucleus and have a neutral charge. Neutrons are also one amu like protons. Neutrons can move from the nucleus of an atom making an atom an isotope. The neutron symbol is
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Definition: A chemical bond is defined as a force that acts between two or more atoms to hold them together as a stable molecule. Main types of bond: 1. Ionic or electrovalent bond‚ 2. Covalent bond‚ 3. Coordinate covalent bond Forth type of bond: Metallic bond: The type of bonding which holds the atoms together in metal crystal. Valence electron: The electrons in the outer most energy level in an atom that takes part in chemical bonding are called valence electrons. Bonding electrons:
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Variables: Independent variable: the mass of the beans Dependent variable: the different types of beans Control: The beans Purpose: The purpose of the lab is to find equal measurement of each type of bean. After you find the mass of each bean you need to find the relative mass of each bean. The navy bean will have the smallest relative mass. You will need to wear safety goggles and a lab apron and wash hands after the lab is finished. If you drop any beans pick them up immediately to prevent
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reported? a. 420 b. 424 c. 423.7 d. 423 e. 423.6 10. Double and triple bonds form because a. The atoms involved have high electronegativities b. Single covalent bonds do not give all the atoms in the molecule 8 valence electrons c. One of the atoms in the molecule has more than 8 valence electrons d. The ions involved have charges larger than 1 e. There is at least 1 hydrogen atom involved in the bond 11. Expressing the answer in scientific notation with proper significant figures
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Theory 1. Which of the following statements is TRUE? a) A covalent bond is formed through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. b) A pair of electrons involved in a covalent bond are sometimes referred to as "lone pairs." c) It is not possible for two atoms to share more than two electrons. e) A covalent bond has a lower potential energy than the two separate atoms. d) Single bonds are shorter than double bonds. 2. Which of the following represent the Lewis structure for Cl? a) c)
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Ionic Bonding Puzzle Lab Introduction When metals and non-metals chemically react‚ the atoms will tend to form ions or charged atoms. Ions form because electrons are either gained or lost. Metals will generally form cations or positive ions‚ since they tend to donate electrons Non-metals will form anions or negative ions‚ since they tend to accept electrons. Activity In this activity you will create models of ionic compounds and observe the chemical formula of the binary molecules you
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Chemistry: Atom structure theories Scientific research is a multistage and complicated process which requires many creative minds to contribute into its creation in order to be efficacious and present solid results. I’ve been given an information sheet apprising ideas of four scientists whose work was very significant in creating the theory about atom structure we recognise nowadays. Guiding Questions: 1 What significant contribution did each of the following people make to present ideas about the
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incident light‚ in particular its wavelength. This will be our task‚ in this first optics lab exercise. The analysis of diffraction patterns is used extensively in the sciences to provide information about the microscopic structure of molecules‚ atoms‚ and nuclei. In addition to various forms of light (gamma rays‚ x-rays‚ visible light‚ infra-red‚ radio waves)‚ even high-energy atomic and sub-atomic particles (electrons‚ protons‚ and neutrons) can be used in diffraction studies. If one wants
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data acquired from the calculations‚ it was easy to find the the ratio of g-atoms of Mg to g-atoms of O: Data Mass of empty crucible - 36.2 grams Mass of crucible (with Mg) - 36.5 grams Mass of crucible (with O) - 37.3 grams Calculations Mass of Magnesium used - .3 grams Mass of reacted Oxygen - .8 grams Number of g-atoms of Mg used - .0125 Number of g-atoms of O reacted - .05 Ratio of g-atoms of Mg to g-atoms of O – 1:4 This means that for
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