disintegration from which it can never be put back together. However‚ matter can be reintegrated. b) In Greek‚ the prefix "a" means "not" and the word "tomos" means cut. Our word atom therefore comes from atomos‚ a Greek word meaning uncuttable. All matter is composed of atoms‚ which are bits of matter too small to be seen. These atoms CANNOT be further split into smaller portions. 2. At this point‚ the atomists entered into what their predecessors had postulated to be the origin of matter‚ namely
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The polarity of water Polarity means that the molecule has both a positively and negatively charged end. More important‚ the polarity of water is responsible for effectively dissolving other polar molecules‚ such as sugars and ionic compounds such as salt. Ionic compounds dissolve in water to form ions. This is important to remember because for most biological reactions to occur‚ the reactants must be dissolved in water. Because water is able to dissolve so many common substances‚ it is known as
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there seemed to be some problems with the interpretation of the data as they were obtained‚ so I thought I’d demonstrate how to do this calculation. Elemental sulfur has a molecular formula of S8 (there are 8 sulfur atoms in a molecule of sulfur‚ just like there are 2 hydrogen atoms in a molecule of hydrogen). So‚ the purpose of this experiment was really just to see how close you could come to this answer. To find the molar mass (and‚ using the atomic mass‚ the molecular formula) for sulfur‚ we
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CHAPTER 2 REVIEW Geocentric:earth centered-aristotle- greeks Heliocentric-sun centered-copernicus Retrogade motion - Apparent backwards motion of planets Parallax-earth goes around the sun‚stars(background). Appears to shift. Cant be measured‚ so far away. Kepler’s Law (1&3)- Ist orbit are ellipses ‚ 3rd mass of the star‚ solar masses/ distance from the star. The idealized scientific methodBased on proposing and testing hypothensis Hypothesis -educated guess (Book and Paper demo) Hallmarks
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the beam by the pole. T = 392 N‚ H = 339 N‚ V = 0 6. A water molecule consists of an oxygen atom with two hydrogen atoms bound to it as shown in Figure 5. The bonds are 0.100 nm in length‚ and the angle between the two bonds is 106°. Use the coordinate axes shown‚ and determine the location of the center of gravity of the molecule. Take the mass of an oxygen atom to be 16 times the mass of a hydrogen atom. x = 6.69 x 10-3 mm‚ y = 0 7. A constant torque
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positive electric charge of 1 elementary charge. The name proton was given to the hydrogen nucleus by Ernest Rutherford in 1920. The concept of a hydrogen-like particle as a constituent of other atoms was developed over a long period. As early as 1815‚ William Proust proposed that all atoms are composed of hydrogen atoms‚ based on a simplistic interpretation of early values of atomic weights ‚ which was disproved when more accurate values were measured. In 1886‚ Eugene Goldstein discovered canal rays and
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** Atom and Introduction to Nuclear physics ** Introduction Alpha-particle scattering 2.1 Experimental set-up ➢ Alpha particle o is a high-energy helium nucleus with 2 protons and 2 neutrons. o has 2 positive charges. ➢ Gold foil was chosen since it has a high atomic mass. Thin gold foil‚ ~10-6m was bombarded by high-energy alpha particles. ➢ Angular deflections/ scattering of alpha particles were measured by observing
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to physics was his invention of radio activity and the work he did with protons‚ neutrons‚ and electrons‚ where he concluded that an atom is mostly made up of empty space and the actual size of the atom is far smaller than the space it occupies. Before Rutherford had done his experiment‚ J.J Thompson had a theory that the negative charged electrons in an atom were floating around in positive charge. Thompson’s “plum pudding model” helped show his theory. Although‚ in 1911‚ Rutherford disproved
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Nervous System The nervous system is the part of an animal’s body that coordinates the voluntary and involuntary actions of the animal and transmits signals between different parts of its body. In most types of animals it consists of two main parts‚ the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord. The PNS consists mainly of nerves‚ which are long fibers that connect the CNS to every other part of the body. The PNS includes motor
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Describe the difference between a mixture and a compound. A compound is a substance in which atoms of different elements are chemically held to one another. A mixture is a substance made by combining two or more different materials in such a way that no chemical reaction occurs. A mixture can usually be separated back into its original components‚ a compound cannot. Below are some examples of the differences between each. Compounds •Compounds are pure substances. •They are made up of two or more
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