Bio Practical Study Notes Some good questions to ask: | | first-hand information and data | secondary information and data | reliability | Have I tested with repetition? | How consistent is the information with information from other reputable sources? | validity | Does my procedure experiment actually test the hypothesis that I want it to? What variables have I identified and controlled? | How was the information gathered? Do the findings relate to the hypothesis or problem? | Control:
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Physics Stage 6 – Yr 12 Notes 9.2 Space: Context 1 – The Earth has a gravitational field that exerts a force on objects both on it and around it. Define weight as the force on an object due to a gravitational field Mass (m): • The amount of matter in a body • Constant anywhere in the universe • Scalar quantity • Measured in Kilograms (Kg) Weight (W): • The force acting on an object due to a gravitational field • Attractive force • Vector quantity
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Cell Biology Test 1 Tuesday‚ September 10‚ 2013 7:33 PM I. Tour of the Cell I.a. 2 cells don’t reproduce I.a.i. Most neurons I.a.ii. Skeletal muscles (too big to undergo mitosis) I.a. Cells are complexi organized I.a.i. Respond to stimuli I.a. 3 necessary components for cells I.a.i. Be able to accumulate energy from environment I.a.ii. Information storage and retrieval system I.a.iii. Boundary system to separate inside from outside I.a. Prokaryotes I.a.i. Form before the nucleus
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Amanda Bynes 2.1 assessment p.5 pg. 38 October 1st 1a. Describe the structure of an atom -Proton‚ neutron‚ electron 1b. An atom of calcium contains 20 protons. How many electrons does it have? -20 2b. Compare the structure of carbon-12 and carbon-13 -Carbon-12 has 6 protons‚ 6 electrons and 6 neutrons. Carbon-14 has 6 protons‚ 6 electrons and 8 neutrons. 4a. What are two types of bonds that hold the atoms within a compound together?
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An ecosystem is a biological environment consisting of all the organisms living in a particular area‚ as well as all the nonliving or abiotic‚ physical components of the environment with which the organisms interact‚ such as air‚ soil‚ water and sunlight. In a typical ecosystem‚ plants and other photosynthetic organisms are the producers that provide the food. (Leibold) Ecosystems can be permanent or temporary and they usually form a number of food webs. Examples of ecosystem include: Marine Ecosystems:
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Module 2.1: Biological Molecules * State the functions of biological molecules in organisms Carbohydrates – energy storage and supply‚ structure (in some organisms) Proteins – Structure‚ transport‚ enzymes‚ antibodies‚ most hormones Lipids – Membranes‚ energy supply‚ thermal insulation‚ protective layers/padding‚ electrical insulation in neurones‚ some hormones Vitamins and minerals – From parts of some larger molecules and take part in some metabolic reactions‚ some act as coenzymes or
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Production of materials 1B – identify the industrial source of ethylene from the cracking of some of the fractions from the refining of petroleum Industrial source of ethylene (ethene) * Obtained from Crude oil – fractional distillation * Heated to high temps * Components vaporise and rise up tower where condense and collect * Lower the boiling point‚ higher up tower compound rises * Separates crude oil into fraction each with different boiling range - Catalytic Cracking
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1. Plant Nutrition Nine macronutrients of plants: C‚ H‚ N‚ O‚ P‚ S‚ K‚ Ca‚ Mg Components of soil: Horizon a (topsoil): humus‚ leaf litter‚ decaying matter Horizon b (middle): minerals but no humus Horizon c (bottom): rock Most common nutrient deficiencies: N‚ P‚ K 2. Transport of Water and Minerals in Xylem Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves Plant cells include: cell wall‚ plasma membrane‚ nucleus‚ chloroplasts and central vacuole Soil to root Water is absorbed
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Treatment | Why? | How? | What? | Pros | Cons | Ovulation induction(OI) | OI is used when the female fails to ovulate this may be due to different reasons. | Ovulation is stimulated by FSH and LH. OI treatment synthetically provides FSH and LH if the OI is caused by a direct problem with the ovary then OI can not be used as treatment. | 1. Clomiphene-increases FSH levels stimulates the P.gland 2. Gondatrophin given by injection increases LH and FSH levels | 1. Possibility of fertilisation
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Circulatory systems Closed circulatory systems: • Blood leaves heart under pressure to arteries then arterioles then capillaries. • Capillaries come in large numbers. They exchange substances between the blood and cells. • After passing through capillaries‚ blood goes back to the heart via veins. • Valves in the veins ensure that blood only flows in one direction. Single circulatory system: • Heart pumps deoxygenated blood. • Gaseous exchange (diffusion of CO2 from blood to H2O and diffusion
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