Trippple Award Specification (4BIO) Examination in 2012 Trippple Award Specification Key words are underlined in red. Practical work is printed in italics. Section 1: The nature and variety of living organisms Characteristics of living organisms include; M ovement R espitation S ensitivity G rowth R eproduction E xcretion N utrition In addition‚ all living organisms contain nucleic acids (DNA) and have the ability to control their internal conditions. Finally‚ all living
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The Search for better health – notes on all parts except first hand pracs • Discuss difficulties in defining the terms health and disease. Health is defined as the complete physical‚ physiological‚ mental and social wellbeing of an organism. It is not merely the absence of disease. Disease can be defined as a state which prevents correct functioning or impairs bodily function. It is difficult to define these terms as they are very subjective and dynamic‚ i.e. they differ from person
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The Spartan Economy land ownership: agriculture‚ kleroi‚ helots o Each Spartan male was allotted an equal plot of land ‘kleros’ with a certain number of helots to work the property for them o Helots allowed Spartans to refrain from work and devote themselves to their military training o This land was either received from the state or inherited‚ could not be bought or sold o Kleros provided them with food for their families and syssitia o Plutarch tells us that “Lycurgus persuaded the citizens
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LIFE ON EARTH REVISION Analysis of the oldest sedimentary rocks provides evidence for the origin of life. - Identify the relationship between the conditions on early Earth and the origin of organic molecules. - Formation of the organic molecule was the first event in the evolution of life. - The molecules provided a building block for cell formation and the food for the earliest life. - Present day life’s atmosphere contains: - Oxygen - Water - Carbon
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7-2 Notes Eukaryotic Cells 1. Eukaryote cells are divided into two parts Nucleus Cytoplasm Portion outside the nucleus where organelles reside Nucleus 2. Contains most of the cell’s DNA 3. DNA is the code for making proteins 4. Surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope 5. Contains chromatic‚ which consists of DNA bound to protein Condenses during cell division to form chromosomes 6. Nucleolus – small dense region in nucleus where the assembly of ribosomes begins Ribosomes 7. Small
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Biology Grade 11 Exam Study Guide Diversity Taxonomic Categories Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Hierarchy From most general to most specific Binomial Nomenclature System used to identify all organisms on Earth Identifies an organism by its genus and species (ex. Humans-homo sapiens) Developed by Linnaeus in the 18th century Identifying Species 3 methods: Morphology Form and shape It is simple but there are natural variations in population Biology
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2.3.1 Organelle Structure and function nucleus enclosed in double membrane with pores contains chromosomes with genes made of DNA to control protein synthesis ribosomes made of RNA and protein free in cytoplasm or attached to RER site of protein synthesis rough endoplasmic reticulum interconnected sacs with ribosomes attached transport proteins to other parts of cell smooth endoplasmic reticulum synthesis of lipids and steroids mitochondria double
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Transcription and Translation Notes for IB Diploma Year 1 DNA is a huge information database that carries the complete set of instructions for making all the proteins a cell will ever need! Although there are only four different bases in DNA (A‚ C‚ G and T)‚ the order in which the bases occur determines the information to make a protein‚ just like the 26 letters of the alphabet combine to form words and sentences: Compare: RAT - TAR - ART - same 3 letters; completely different meanings. And
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population that pollinates crops Consumptive use Use of natural freshwater and marine ecosystems rather than aquaculture Wild fruits and vegetables‚ fibres‚ bees wax‚ seaweed are important economically Wood‚ rubber and latex are tree products of great economic importance. ‘Indirect’ ways of biodiversity value; 1. Biochemical cycles- removal of excess nutrients‚ exploitation‚ pollution eutrophication. Heavy metals and pesticides that humans release 2. Waste disposal- 3. Provision of fresh
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Microevolutionary Process Notes 1) Natural selection works on individuals 2) Individuals do not evolve‚ populations do Insecticide application didn’t result in insecticide resistance: some insects carry trait of resistance in their genes Processes in Microevolution -Mutation -Non-random mating -Genetic Drift -Natural Selection -Gene Flow Hardy-Weinburg Theorem: Frequencies of alleles and genotypes are preserved from generation to generation in populations that are not evolving -p2 + 2pq
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