beliefs and higher order thinking. The authors expanded their research to a larger outside population with varying degrees of education‚ a wide range of ages as well as diverse life experiences. Most epistemological researchers thought of personal epistemology as a complex‚ one-dimensional belief (Schommer-Aikins‚ 2002). Schommer‚ in earlier studies‚ conceived of these beliefs
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renowned English philosopher in the seventeenth century‚ argued against the pre-existing prevalent belief of innate knowledge‚ such as those led by Descartes. Many of Locke’s arguments begin with criticisms on philosophers’ opinion on innate knowledge‚ notably Descartes. Therefore‚ many of Locke’s arguments are direct rebuttals of Descartes and other philosophers’ beliefs about the existence of innate knowledge. To arrive at the conclusion that innate knowledge is impossible‚ Locke
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answered shows that science and philosophy are‚ in fact‚ inextricably linked. Philosophy has its subdisciplines: Logic: valid forms of reasoning; Aesthetics: study of nature of beauty; Ethics and political philosophy: moral values and justice; Epistemology: the nature‚ extent and justification of knowledge; Metaphysics: study of thing we believe exist. So‚ Philosophy deals with two sets of questions: *The questions that science (physical‚ biological‚ social‚ behavioral) cannot answer and
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Individual: single; separate. Existentialism: a philosophical theory or approach that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free and responsible agent determining their own development through acts of the will. Consequentialism: the doctrine that the morality of an action is to be judged solely by its consequences. Nihilism: the rejection of all religious and moral principles‚ often in the belief that life is meaningless. Absurdity: the quality or state of being ridiculous or wildly unreasonable
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Philosophy on Education When I first read over the assignment on educational philosophy‚ it was not something I gave much thought to. It also seemed like a daunting task as I read the handout. The terminology alone was foreign‚ Metaphysics‚ Epistemology and Axiology. I had to look Axiology up in the dictionary‚ I thought it might be some sort of medieval craft lumberjacks practiced. Then when reading chapter nine things became somewhat clearer to me. I wrote down notes and some thoughts while
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1. a. Locke denies innate principles‚ as there are no principles to which all mankind give a universal assent. He begins his denial of innate principles by stating that “Universal consent proves nothing innate” (pg. 319‚ 3.). With this statement he claims that even if there were universal principles that all mankind agreed with‚ this would still not prove these principles innate if there could be any way to show how those in agreement came to consent to these ideas. But‚ for Locke‚ there are no universal
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Running head: DEFINING PHILOSOPHY Week 1 Individual Assignment Defining Philosophy Paper Mafuta Christina Ta ’ala-Sauni PHL 215:Philosophy-Methods and Applications University of Phoenix-Directive Study Anna Simonds March 20‚ 2006 Defining Philosophy Philosophy derives from the two Greek words philein‚ which means to love‚ ’ and sophia‚ which means knowledge ’ or wisdom ’ (Moore & Bruder‚ 2002‚ p. 2). This is not the only definition of philosophy as philosophy is a very vast subject
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comes to us from experience‚ specifically the faculties of sensation and reflection. On the other hand‚ the rationalists believe that the source of knowledge is reason‚ not experience. The knowledge that comes from reason leads us to philosopher Descartes‚ whom believes reason is the only method to attaining knowledge. These two approaches lead to confusion
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rational investigation of the truths and principles of being‚ knowledge‚ or conduct. Philosophy focuses on three main types: Stoicism Skepticism Epicurean Philosophy consists of these philosophical areas: Metaphysics Materialism Idealism Epistemology Empiricism Rationalism Ethics Hedonism Cynicism Three Main Types Stoicism Refers to the knowledge of Aristotle "Mind is a blank state‚ impressions are made by the 5 senses." Stoics deny the metaphysical points of view. Real objects
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refer to the varying degrees in which we understand reality. For Plato‚ the highest degree of knowledge‚ or enlightenment‚ is the perception of the “essential Form of Goodness” Plato splits the varying degrees between enlightenment and illustrate epistemology. The stage furthest from enlightenment occurs when the prisoners‚ in the analogy of the cave‚ can see only a shadow of an imitation of reality. This occurs when the prisoners in the analogy are bound in a cave preventing any movement and the
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