9.2 - Maintaining a Balance: 1. Most organisms are active within a limited temperature range: * Identify the role of enzymes in metabolism‚ describe their chemical composition and use a simple model to describe their specificity in substrates: * Role of enzymes in metabolism: * Metabolism refers to all the chemical reactions occurring in organisms * Enzymes are biological catalysts which increase the rate of chemical reactions * Without enzymes‚ metabolism
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Chapter 2: Patterns in Nature 1. Cell theory • 1590: Dutch grind glass lens (1st compound microscope) • 1665: Robert Hooke uses compound m. analysis thin cork slices as filled with air enclosed in boxes (cells) distinct • 1676: Dutch sees microorganism under microscope from pond water • 1824: French suggest all organisms composed of cells • 1827: Robert Brown (Brownian motion) discovered nucleus in plant cell • 1838: German produced evidence that all organisms made of cells • 1859:
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pericycle surround the vascular tissue‚ protecting water and nutrient conducting tissue. Only eudicots stems are capable of secondary growth. This secondary growth comes from lateral meristems‚ which allows for eudicots to gain secondary xylem and phloem to increase the width of both root and stem of the plant (Lecture 12‚ 3 Oct.‚ Haselhorst 2016). The stem has been modified to benefit human consumption‚ an example of this is the Irish Potato increasing stem size to be used for food
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Lesson 1 Assignment Questions Describe the scientific system by which plants are classified‚ in a report of up to 500 words. In this report‚ Cover: *the significance of the binomial system *why common names of plants should not be used to correctly identify plants. The scientific system to classify and naming plants are controlled and coordinated by botanist throughout the world. The system of classification in plants is to classify them in groups with similar characteristics. Then
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the rate of transpiration To design and conduct an experiment to explore other factors‚ including different environmental variables‚ on the rate of transpiration To investigate the relationship between the structure of vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) and their functions in transporting water and nutrients in plants Before doing this laboratory you should understand: a) How water moves from roots to leaves in terms of physical/chemical properties of water and the forces provided by differences
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storage ‚1 cell wall Collenchyma- Alive‚ chunky‚ thick at corners‚ 1 cell wall Scherenchyma- Dead‚ support and protection‚ 2 cell walls 2. Cells in vascular tissue: XYLEM PHLOEM What substance(s) is/areTransported in this tissue? | Transports waterAnd nutrients | Transports sugars | In which direction is transport? | Upward‚ from the bottomTo the top | Downward‚ from to bottom | Are cells in this tissue alive or dead
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Aerobic Respiration Breaking down glucose to release energy Products are Carbon dioxide and water Diffusion is … the movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a low concentration until the concentration is equal. Role of a human circulatory system: Diffuse In – oxygen (O2)‚ dissolved food (glucose) and water (H2O) Diffuse Out – carbon dioxide (CO2)‚waste and water(H2O) Respiration – releasing energy in cells Breathing – getting air into and out of your body
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water is slightly ionised‚ other polar molecules such as salts‚ sugars and amino acids dissolve readily in water. This will allow water to be used for the transportation of many substances‚ for example in the bloodstream of animals and the xylem and phloem vessels found in plants. Fig.3. The dipolar bonding in water (8) The dipolar bonds between water molecules show a large amount of energy and this determines the temperature of the water. Water can also be used in this way to transport
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CH 12 TRANSPORT IN LIVING ORGANISMS EXERCISE 1. FILL IN THE BLANKS (i) The principal physiological requirement of all organisms is the maintenance of …………………… (ii) The type of diffusion against the concentration gradient (up hill movement) involving the expenditure of energy is called…………………. (iii) The cell walls of the plants cells keep the……………within limit. (iv) The content of the vacuole of plant cell is called……………. (v) The internal pressure exerted on the cell wall by the
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Adenosine Triphosphate Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is considered by biologists to be the energy currency of life. It is the high-energy molecule that stores the energy we need to do just about everything we do. It is present in the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm of every cell‚ and essentially all the physiological mechanisms that require energy for operation obtain it directly from the stored ATP. (Guyton) As food in the cells is gradually oxidized‚ the released energy is used to re-form the ATP so
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