CELTA WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT 1 LANGUAGE RELATED TASKS Look at the sentences below and identify the following: the verb form and structure the meaning (contrast the vocabulary items in number 4) possible student difficulties (in terms of form‚ meaning and phonology) a likely context through which you could teach the language (who says this sentence to whom and why?) check questions you might ask to check understanding (think about this in relation to your answer for b)‚ your analysis of the function/meaning)
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sleep even if we don’t wish to do so. CCQs: Is it something we must do? Yes. Can we avoid it? No. Use of examples: We have to use the safety belt. Children have to attend school by law. Form Have to is a non-modal alternative to the modal verb must to talk about obligation. It is interchangeable with have got to‚ this last form being more common in spoken and informal British English. The structure of the have to form is Subject+ Have+ Infinitive (with to). The negative
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subject + verb in present simple tense + preposition + time marker Anticipated learner problems Students may add –ing to the verb as they may get confused by the fact that even though the verb is present simple‚ we are referring to a future event. Concept check questions Is he going today or is he going tomorrow? Is this about the present or the future? (Future) 2. If I had a lot of money‚ I’d buy a boat The second conditional If + subject + past simple + noun‚ + modal verb (would)
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Identify the verb phrase constructions in the following sentences (phrasal verb‚ prepositional verb‚ phrasal-prepositional verb‚ lexical verb on its own‚ auxiliary + verb). Term definition: 1. A Phrasal verb: is a two –word verb where the second element is an adverbial particle. These phrasal verbs can be transitive or intransitive. The particle in a phrasal verb generally has a non-literal meaning‚ whereas the particles often functions as adverbials. Transitive phrasal verbs differs from
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talking about the past? (No) FORM Have + infinitive I have to sleep Have to is often grouped with modal auxiliary verbs for convenience‚ but in fact it is not a modal verb. It is not even an auxiliary verb. In the have to structure‚ "have" is a main verb. The structure is:3 subject + have + infinitive (with to) Examples in the simple tense: subject auxiliary verb main verb have infinitive (with to) + She has to work. - I do not have to see the doctor. ? Did you
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Grammar for Teachers Andrea DeCapua Grammar for Teachers A Guide to American English for Native and Non-Native Speakers Author Andrea DeCapua‚ Ed.D. College of New Rochelle New Rochelle‚ NY 10805 adecapua@cnr.edu ISBN: 978-0-387-76331-6 e-ISBN: 978-0-387-76332-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2007937636 c 2008 Springer Science+Business Media‚ LLC All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the
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time to sleep.’ =’She has no time to sleep.’ ’have’ and ’has’ verb tenses ’have/has’’ is an important verb in making the ’perfect tense’: Present Perfect ’She has lived here for a long time.’ ’We have seen this TV show before.’ ’I have cut my finger.’ Past Perfect ’I had already decided not to go before he asked me.’ ’They had finished the race before it started raining.’ ’She had already left when he arrived’ modal verbs: ’have to’ ’have to’ is used to mean that something is necessary
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1. The status of TG. Language is a means of forming and storing ideas as reflections of reality and exchanging them in the process of human intercourse. It’s social by nature and inseparably connected with people. It develops with the development of society. The language consists of 3 parts: the phonological system (i.e. sound system)‚ the lexical system (set of naming means of language) and the grammatical system. (The principles of systemic approach to language and its grammar were developed in
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study : -the reasons that make to interest about the tense and aspect such as explain to definition and types in a tense and aspect in English and Arabic and structure the verb phrase in sentences in English and Arabic . The research will be includes: * Verb phrase in English . *tense and aspect in English . * Verb phrase in Arabic . *tense and aspect in Arabic . *conclusion . * bibliography. statement of the problem : tense and aspect in English and Arabic and some suggestion
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HANDOUT 1 VERBAL MORPHOLOGY the syntax of lexical verbs vs. auxiliaries. Before X’ theory‚ sentences used to be identified with the notation S. Linguists had to figure out a way of replacing S by a phrasal category. In other words‚ they needed to identify some elements as the head of the overall sentence. Since phrases were (or are) projections of heads‚ consisting specifically of three levels‚ it was necessary to find a category that could act as the head of the new phrase. The category
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