Transcription and Translation The function of DNA in the living world is at once strangely complex and surprisingly simple. The genetic code carried in molecules of DNA is responsible for a spectacular variety of life forms. Plant life in the Amazon‚ creatures on the ocean floor‚ and animals in the Serengeti have all arisen‚ and survive and thrive in their respective environments‚ because of the function of DNA. Inside every living cell‚ DNA directs vital activities‚ such as growth‚ division‚ movement
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A TEXTBOOK OF TRANSLATION Peter Newmark W *MRtt SHANGHAI FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION PRESS 9787810801232 A Textbook of Translation Peter Newmark SHANGHAI FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION PRESS A Textbook of Translation Peter Newmark Prentice Hall NEW YORK LONDON TORONTO SYDNEY TOKYO First published 1988 by Prentice HaH International vUIO Ltd. 66 Wood Lane End‚ Heme! Hempstead. Hertfordshire‚ HP2 4RG A division of Simon &i Schuster International Group (0 1988 Prentke Hall
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Small Cells Overview Karim Abdulla P.Eng Director‚ Sales Engineering Alcatel-Lucent COPYRIGHT © 2013 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALCATEL-LUCENT —PROPRIETARY — USE PURSUANT TO COMPANY INSTRUCTION AGENDA • Alcatel-Lucent Introduction • Industry Trends • Wireless Data Capacity Enhancement Techniques • Small Cells Solution Overview • Integrating Metro Cells with the Network (Het-Net) • Deployment Benefits • Success Stories‚ Trials‚ and Awards 2 COPYRIGHT © 2013 ALCATEL-LUCENT
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Extra material for chapter 4 Van Leuven-Zwart’s comparative–descriptive model of translation shifts1 The most detailed attempt to produce and apply a model of shift analysis has been carried out by Kitty van Leuven-Zwart of Amsterdam. Van Leuven-Zwart’s model takes as its point of departure some of the categories proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet and Levý and applies them to the descriptive analysis of a translation‚ attempting both to systematize comparison and to build in a discourse framework
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TRANSLATION: The process of turning an original or "source" text into a text in another language. TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES Direct Translation Techniques are used when structural and conceptual elements of the source language can be transposed into the target language. Direct translation techniques include: * Borrowing * Calque * Literal Translation Borrowing Borrowing is the taking of words directly from one language into another without translation. For example software‚ funk. English
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abnormal cells capable of undergoing uncontrolled proliferation. Many erroneously hold the view that every swelling or lump is cancer. However‚ this is not so. Unlike benign swellings‚ cancerous cells generally have the tendency to invade surrounding tissues and sometimes metastasize (break off and spread) to distant body tissues via the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Cancers result when there is a disruption to the normal process of cell division. Body cells are continuously undergoing cell division
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MEANING OF THE WORD ‘TRANSLATION’ FROM VARIOUS DICTIONARIES: ➢ Wikipedia: Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. ➢ General Oxford Dictionary: Translation n 1 the act or an instance of translating. 2 a written or spoken expression of the meaning of a word‚ speech‚ book‚ etc. in another language. ➢ Dictionary of Translation Studies: Translation: An incredibly broad notion which can be understood
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Domestication and foreignization are strategies in translation‚ regarding the degree to which translators make a text conform to the target culture. Domestication is the strategy of making text closely conform to the culture of the language being translated to‚ which may involve the loss of information from the source text. Foreignization is the strategy of retaining information from the source text‚ and involves deliberately breaking the conventions of the target language to preserve its meaning
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Commentory on translation Choisir une notion (foreignization) ? Explain and expand it Explain the key concepts Critics about Relate this approach to the translation task Seminar paper choisir un article qui parle de traduction resumez l’article et presentez les differents point critiques qui on été faites sur l’auteur critiques justifiés ou pas ? Domestication and Foreignization Theory Domestication and foreignization are two basic translation strategies which provide both
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Delhi) 2013-2014 LEGAL TRANSLATIon SUBMITTED TO: INTRODUCTION TRANSLATION Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. Semantic Translation: Semantic translation takes advantage of semantics that associate meaning with individual data elements in one dictionary to create an equivalent meaning in a second system. Literal Translation: Literal translation‚ or directed translation‚ is the rendering of text
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