couple of decades‚ biologists knew the nucleus contained DNA and proteins. The prevailing opinion was that the genetic material was proteins‚ and not DNA. The reason for this belief was that proteins are more complex than DNA. This is because A) proteins have a greater variety of three-dimensional forms than does DNA. B) proteins have two different levels of structural organization; DNA has four. C) proteins are made of 20 amino acids and DNA is made of four nucleotides. D) Only A and C are correct
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Millions and millions of cells must be formed in order for an organism (whether a plant or animal) to be created. That becomes possible through cell division. Cell division happens when all of the DNA of a cell is replicated completely and then that complete replication (called a genome) is separated‚ breaking apart into two daughter cells that are identical to the original cell (Erster 3-4). There are different kinds of division depending on the type of cell involved (Erster 25). However‚ regardless
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Chapter 12 Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases are regulatory proteins that assist in the cell cycle. Particular protein kinases give the go-ahead signals at G1 and G2 checkpoints. These protein kinases are present at a constant concentration in the cell but are inactive unless in the presence of cyclin‚ these are cyclin dependent kinases. The activity of a cdk rises and falls with the concentration of cyclin. Cyclin levels rise during the S and G2 phases then fall abruptly in the M phase
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|National (all topics) | |DNA structure & function |Lac & Trp Operons |Restriction mapping | |DNA Semi-conservative Replication |DNA Fingerprinting/RFLP |Mitochondrial DNA | |Gene expression (transcription and translation |DNA
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& nonliving things • Have either DNA or RNA‚ never both • Often cause death of the host cell • Genus/species names not used in viral classification Compenents of a virus (lipid bilayer) Viral components: Nucleic Acid • Viral genomes can be either DNA or RNA • This genome‚ once inside a host cell‚ directs synthesis of new viral proteins‚ and also replication of new viral genomes • Viral genomes come in all kinds: • Single- or double-stranded‚ RNA or DNA • Linear or circular • One piece or
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division immediately following DNA replication and replication does not occur again before meiosis II. However‚ meiosis I is the "reduction" division when a diploid cell forms two haploid cells. If the DNA duplicated before meiosis I‚ how do the daughter cells become haploid? DNA must replicate before mitosis or meiosis can occur. If daughter cells are to receive a full set of genetic information‚ a duplicate copy of DNA must be available. Before DNA replication occurs‚ each chromosome consists
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In the practical sessions template DNA that had the EZH2 (Enhancer of zeste homolog 2) gene already cloned onto it was firstly amplified by PCR‚ then cloned in the pBluescript plasmid vector. EZH2 is an enzyme which adds methyl groups to the twenty seventh amino acid (Lysine) and is encoded by EZH2‚ the EZH2 gene encodes part of the Polycomb group which make protein complexes that help to maintain genes transcriptional repressive state over successive cell generations. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2146
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genetic information normally flows from DNA to RNA to protein. In the experiment‚ DNA and RNA bead kits were used. Different coloured beads correspond to different nitrogenous bases‚ sugars and phosphates. Different structures of DNA and RNA were formed based on the sequences that were given. INTRODUCTION: DNA contains the complete genetic information that defines the structure and function of an organism. Proteins are formed using the genetic code of the DNA. Three different processes are responsible
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DNA From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia For a non-technical introduction to the topic‚ see Introduction to genetics. For other uses‚ see DNA (disambiguation). The structure of the DNA double helix. The atoms in the structure are colour-coded by element and the detailed structure of two base pairs are shown in the bottom right. The structure of part of a DNAdouble helix Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning
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Agarose Gel Electophoresis of DNA Topoisomers Introduction DNA can exist as different isomers that change the confirmation of the DNA’s structure. DNA can be in a linear confirmation this is a relaxed confirmation as the DNA can rotate about its axis unconstrained. It can also exist as a nicked circle this is also a relaxed confirmation as the DNA strands can again rotate freely with respect to one another. Covalently closed circular DNA or cccDNA exists as a supercoil this is because the covalent
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