Preview

Examples Of Expectancy Violations Theory

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
2497 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Examples Of Expectancy Violations Theory
Expectancy Violations Theory: Applying the Theory to Real-World Examples
Edward Ochoa
Arizona State University

Expectancy Violations Theory: Applying the Theory to Real-World Examples

Expectancy violations theory focuses on expectations and communication. Many studies have been performed on this theory through personal relationships, the public’s perception as well as friendships (Chiles & Roloff, 2014, p.66). Within these different types of relationships, many positive and negative occurrences happen, which can be violations of expected situations (Chiles & Roloff, 2014, p.66). For example, in dating relationships, there are times of happiness, which are often associated with positive expectancy violations, but also hurt, which can be negative expectancy violations (Bachman & Guerrero, 2006, p.944). These types of feeling usually occur in close relationships between romantic lovers, friend, or family members (Bachman & Guerrero, 2006, p.944). Originally, Expectancy violations theory was used to predict behavior, but research has evolved into being able to understand wrongdoings or negative occurrences in situations. People have expectancies of their behavior as well as others around them. When the behavior
…show more content…
This particular theory was based off the study of proxemics, which is the study of space and expectancy violations when individuals interact (Griffin, 2012, p.85). Burgoon’s theory has updated the thoughts on this theory since its initial conception. She found that proxemics was part of a larger group of nonverbal actions, such as body lean, eye contact, and many others (Griffin, 2012, p.88). Burgoon began to apply the nonverbal linguistics to other sources of communication and eventually dropped the nonverbal aspect in the theory name, resulting in the expectancy violations theory (Griffin, 2012,

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    "Expectancy theory directs us to determine employees ' current views or perceptions about the odds of achieving certain goals and relative preferences for different rewards or "outcomes" in their work.…

    • 4999 Words
    • 20 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    (McShane, Steen, & Tasa, 2015). The expectancy theory is the study of the amount of effort put into a task that people will believe will have the most utility for the desired outcomes. (McShane, et al.). Whenever we try to achieve a goal, we go through a systematic process. We put in an effort, which affects performance, which will turn into possible positive or negative outcomes, and during this process, three components can affect it, the E-to-P expectancy, P-to-O expectancy, and Valence. The E-to-P expectancy is a perception that a specific effort level will result in a specific performance level. A stronger E-to-P expectancy results in better outcomes and greater performance. P-to-O expectancy is the probability that performance will lead to particular outcomes, and valence is the feelings (Satisfied or dissatisfied) towards the outcome. Valence can be improved by individual rewards. (McShane, et…

    • 1004 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Bus 210 Week 6 Checkpoint

    • 330 Words
    • 2 Pages

    In the first case study I believe we see a lot of the expectancy theory. According to the text…

    • 330 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Within my own realm of interaction with other human beings, I tend to become upset rather quickly with them. This concept of creating your own moral standard and…

    • 930 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Let1 Task 317.1.1-06

    • 668 Words
    • 3 Pages

    The expectancy theory was developed by Victor H. Vroom in 1964 as a systematic explanation of individual motivation within the workplace. This theory put forth three key components: expectancy, performance, and valence. From the base component of the theory, which is expectancy, behavior is built by an individual’s value of the reward or valence. Vroom’s theory of expectancy is used by manager to understand how individual employees are motivated and how they will respond to rewards closely tied to the tasks given. Expectancy is proposed to be an individual’s understanding of how their effort leads to a given performance level. Vroom put forth in his theory that individuals believe the more effort put into a task or objective, the better the performance on the task. Therefore, effort leads to performance or E  P. This effort is closely related to the individual’s belief that they can perform the given task (self-efficacy), whether they believe the task is perceived obtainable, and the individual can control the goal or performance. If the result of a strong effort is a good or exceptional performance, than the result of good performance should be a given outcome, P  O. This outcome should be a reward tied closely to the task and performance. A reward that is tied significant to the performance will help to motivate the individual’s effort. The third key factor of Vroom’s expectancy theory is valence. Valence refers to how much value the individual places on the reward, V(R). Again, the reward should be tied to the outcome, but without a perceived value by the individuals, performance will not put forth any effort to begin with. A summary of the Vroom’s expectancy is seen with the following notation. (Web site, Expectancy Theory, 2013)…

    • 668 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Let1 Task 317.1.1-06

    • 612 Words
    • 3 Pages

    One of the most widely accepted theories of motivation is Victor Vroom's Expectancy Theory. “Expectancy theory argues that the strength of a tendency to act in a certain way depends on the strength of an expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual.” (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.208) [i]…

    • 612 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Week 3

    • 356 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The theory where individuals attempt to bring their attitudes into alignment with their behaviors, especially around other people is the…

    • 356 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Imagine speaking to someone who stood incredibly still, used no facial expressions, and spoke in a monotone voice. That would be wildly uncomfortable for nearly anyone on the receiving end! Demonstrative communication is a large aspect of conversation. Body language, or “nonverbal, usually unconscious, communication through the use of postures, gestures, facial expressions, and the like,” is an everyday part of conversation (body language, n.d.). It is perhaps the most familiar component of demonstrative communication. Small, simple gestures such as leaning back or crossing one’s arms can convey to the speaker disinterest or defensiveness (nonverbal communication, 2009). Another aspect of demonstrative communication is vocal. Again, this component is usually unconscious. Vocal pitch, tone, and volume all play an integral part in what the receiver’s emotions understand and process when communicating. Aside from these standard factors in demonstrative communication, strictly nonverbal communication is an underlying portion as well. A simple nod of the head to convey, “Yes” or a wave of the hand to say, “hello” are commonplace and well understood in most cultures around the world. Regardless of how demonstrative communication is applied in…

    • 895 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    The study of nonverbal communication includes seven different expressive variations: Chronemics, proxemics, oculesics, kinesics, haptics, vocalics, and personal style. Each one of these mostly subconscious conveyances plays an important role to both the message sender and receiver in the communication process. There is an abundance of nonverbal, emotional…

    • 1076 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The expectation that I violated was driving to slow on the freeway. I find it unreasonable for people to drive slowly on freeways if there is no traffic; I just find it rude because they are ruining the flow of traffic. I was on the 91 freeway heading home when I thought about the homework I had to do and came up with this idea. So I thought why not give it a try, I did by slowing down to a speed of 40 in the lane furthest left. People behind me were probably wondering why I was slowing down at first, but than I think they became pissed of because I continued on at that same pace for about 15 seconds or more. They changed lanes and gave me a strange look, one guy even gave me the middle…

    • 379 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    The expectancy theory is based on the question: “What determines the willingness of an individual to work hard at tasks important to the organization?” (Lombardi, 2007, p.284). If an organization is preparing for a change in policy, the supervisor must get their staff prepared for the change. In most cases, the workers feel fine with the policy they currently have and are reluctant for change…

    • 933 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The elements of nonverbal communication are proxemics, kinesics, vocalics, chronemics and haptics. Among them, proxemics and haptics are the two types of rules and social norms I see violations, as different cultures have different attitudes towards space and touch in communication. In the following essay, I will talk about my view on violations of nonverbal rules through my own experiences, and what type of violation is excusable. Then I will outline the factors which influence the valencing of a nonverbal rule violation.…

    • 845 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Nursing Theory

    • 1017 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Aspects of personality characteristics and proposes 3 forms of motivation/needs in work situations (achievement, power, affiliation)…

    • 1017 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Social Norms

    • 679 Words
    • 3 Pages

    I wondered if a person could simply defy a social norms and affect another persons behavior. As I entered one of the elevators on the seventh floor of the Liberal Arts Building, I thought it would be interesting to sit on the floor as we made the descent to the first floor and only communicate nonverbally. Nonverbal communication by definition refers to all aspects of a message which are not conveyed by the literal meaning of words. Nonverbal communication is also a category by exclusion; as such it is almost impossible to exactly define what it contains. Nonetheless, for a nonverbal behavior to constitute communication, information must be transmitted and received. It is important to note however, that such nonverbal behavior does not require the intent to communicate in order to do so.…

    • 679 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Let1 Task1

    • 500 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Expectancy is the first key component of the Expectancy Theory of Motivation. It can be explained as the belief that the employees have about their ability to meet the performance of a certain level. It is often called the effort-performance relationship. If a person does not believe that they are able to meet their employers performance standards no matter what they do, they will lose all of the motivation that they have.…

    • 500 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays