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Elected Local Government Leadership Development

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Elected Local Government Leadership Development
Elected Local Government Leadership Development
Robert J. Dickey Kyongju University, S. Korea Email: rjdickey@soback.kornet.net

Introduction Most of us are at least passively aware of the BBC comedy series "Yes, Minister" and "Yes, Prime Minister." Margaret Thatcher has been quoted as saying "it 's accurate portrayl (sic) of what goes on in the corridors of power has brought me hours of pure joy".1 What does this 1980s era political satire have to do with the issue of leadership development of elected public officials, particularly at the local government level? The fumbling and naïve efforts of the recently empowered minister (and later Prime Minister) the Right Honorable James Hacker, and the wily bureaucratic machinations of Sir Humphrey Appleby, his Permanent Secretary, seem a fair depiction of the process how many public officials learn the craft of government leadership: through the process of many "lost battles" with the permanent staff they are expected to lead. There are supposed to be other ways to develop leadership in elected local government. The focus of this paper is the (mostly non-political) leadership of government: leading other elected officials, the senior public management, the public service as a whole, and the community at large. Brief Overview of the Leadership Literature The number of papers, books, and presentations on leadership is simply staggering. In a paper presented before the 2002 American Society of Public Administration conference, Montgomery Van Wart (forthcoming) provides an excellent overview on leadership studies in general, and offers insight on where leadership studies in the public sector have taken us over the past few decades. He refers to Bass (1990), where "over 7,500 empirical and quasi-empirical references were cited" (Van Wart, forthcoming), as well as comments by Ralph Stogdill, James McGregor Burns and Warren Bennis concerning our lack of knowledge about leadership despite years of study. Others, including Saner



References: Ahn, C.S and J.G. Back. 1999. The South Korea national report. In B. Jacob, W. Linder, R. Nabholz, & C. Heierli (Eds.), Democracy and local governance: Nine empirical studies. Bern: University of Bern. Andrews, J. & R. Field. 1998. Regrounding the concept of leadership. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 19. Bass, B.M. 1990. Bass and Stogdill 's handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications. New York: Free Press. Bennis, W., & Nanus, B. 1985. Leaders: The strategies for taking charge. New York: Harper & Row. Bridges, W. 1996. Leading the de-jobbed organization. In F. Hesselbein, M. Goldsmith, & R. Beckhard (Eds.), The leader of the future. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers. Bolt, J. 1996. Developing three-dimensional leaders. In F. Hesselbein, M. Goldsmith, & R. Beckhard (Eds.), The leader of the future. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers. Burns, J.M. 1978. Leadership. New York: Harper & Row. Carl, D. & M. Javidan. 2001. Universality of charismatic leadership: A multi-nation study. In Academy of Management Proceedings 2001 [Electronic file - CDRom]. Cacioppe, R. 1997. Leadership moment by moment. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 18:7, 335-345. Chosun Ilbo. Aug 24, 2000. Kindest [borough] mayor. [Korean language]. Chung-Ang Ilbo. June 30, 2001. Best administrative services. [Korean language]. p. 25. Covey, S. 1990. Principle-centered leadership. New York: Summit Books. Dickey, R. 2001. Challenges for leadership in Asia -- Too few "nails that stick up." Presented before the European Forum for Management Development Public Sector Conference, September 2001, Milan, Italy. Drucker, P. 1996. Foreward. In F. Hesselbein, M. Goldsmith, & R. Beckhard (Eds.), The leader of the future. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers. Hofstede, G. 1980. Cultures consequences: International differences in work-related values. London: Sage. Jung, Y.D. 2002. Public choice or dual dtate?: A comparative analysis of the distribution of functions between central and local governments in Japan and Korea. Presented before American Society of Public Administration Conference, March 2002, Phoenix. Korac-Kakabadse, A. & N. Korac-Kakabadse. 1997. Best practice in the Australian Public Service (APS): An examination of discretionary leadership. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 12:7, 433-491. Kotter, J. 1990. What leaders really do. In Harvard Business Review on Leadership. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press. Leach, S. and Wilson, D. 2000. Local political leadership. Bristol, England: Policy Press. Linder, W. & C. Heierli.. 1999. Local governance compared: Universal patterns of democratic leadership? In B. Jacob, W. Linder, R. Nabholz, & C. Heierli (Eds.), Democracy and local governance: Nine empirical studies. Bern: University of Bern. Martin, S. 1997. Leadership, learning, and local democracy: Political dimensions of the strategic management of change. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 10:7. Meinardus, R. 2001. More power for local councils? In Liberal Times in Korea. Seoul: Hanyang University Press. Moon, C.S. (Ed.). 1999. Local government in Korea. Seoul: Korea Local Authorities Foundation for International Relations. OECD Public Management Committee. 2000. Developing public service leaders for the future - Background paper by the secretariat. OECD Document Number PUMA/HRM(2000)1. Parry, K. 1999. Enhancing adaptability: Leadership strategies to accommodate change in local government settings. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 12:2. Pitcher, P. 1997. The drama of leadership. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Saner, R. 2001. Globalization and leadership qualification. International Review of Administrative Science, 67:4, 649-661. Stogdill, R. 1948. Personal factors associated with leadership: A survey of the literature. Journal of Psychology, 25:1, 35-71. Van Wart, M. Forthcoming. Public Sector leadership theory: An assessment. Public Administration Review. Ulrich, D. 1996. Credibility x Capability. In F. Hesselbein, M. Goldsmith, & R. Beckhard (Eds.), The leader of the future. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers. Weber, G. 1996. Growing tomorrow 's leaders. In F. Hesselbein, M. Goldsmith, & R. Beckhard (Eds.), The leader of the future. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers. Zaleznik, A. 1990. Managers and leaders: Are they different? In Harvard Business Review on Leadership. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

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