Saponification and Acidification: From Nutmeg to Trimyrisitin to Sodium Myristate to Myrisitic Acid Mandy Boyle Chem 213‚ Section 002 Due Date: December 3‚ 2009 I. Introduction People encounter esters everyday in both natural and synthesized forms. Esters are present in a variety of common compounds‚ from fragrances to animal fat (McMurry‚ 2008). Although these esters can undergo many different important reactions‚ this lab is particularly interested in the hydrolysis of esters into carboxylic
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miscible with non-polar substances and enable them to dissolve in water. Normally‚ solid soaps are consist of sodium salts of fatty acids and liquid soaps consist of potassium salts of fatty acids. Soap can be prepared by a process known as saponification. Historically‚ soaps were made by boiling the fat of animal‚ lye and in a aqueous NaOH and KOH solution containing potash. Of course‚ this was done long time ago before anyone had any idea of understanding the chemical transformations. Now‚ we
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are attached to a single molecule of glycerol.[2] The alkaline solution‚ which is often called lye‚ (although the term "lye soap" refers almost exclusively to soaps made with sodium hydroxide) brings about a chemical reaction known as saponification. In saponification‚ the fats are first hydrolyzed into free fatty acids‚ which then combine with the alkali to form crude soap. Glycerol (glycerine) is liberated and is either left in or washed out and recovered as a useful byproduct‚ depending on the process
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Fire Detection and Suppression Systems Saponification has other uses other than soap making. It is used in firefighting. In commercial cooking industries‚ fire fighters use saponification to combat cooking-oils-fires. Cooking-oil-fires are difficult to suppress using other extinguishers. Using saponification‚ cooking-oil-fire extinguishers use a wet chemical that forms soapy foam on the oil fire quickly putting out the flame. Saponification also acts to prevent re-ignition. The global fire
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aphorism “like dissolves like” since coconut oil was dissolved in chloroform‚ ether‚ and carbon tetrachloride. The emulsification of fats in coconut oil was also conducted and the only the dilute albumin solution showed a positive effect. The saponification reaction was also conducted which is the focal procedure in the production of soap. Cholesterol‚ a simple lipid‚ was also tested in different color reactions which yielded to a negative product. INTRODUCTION Objectives: 1. To learn the
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Abstract: Saponification is an esterification process that is used to make so from the hydrolysis of fats and oils. This process have the glycerol molecule‚ and a sodium carboxylate salt in most case sodium stearate being formed‚ however this salt depends on the base being used. In the experiment 23ml of vegetable oil was mixed with 20ml of ethyl alcohol along with 20 ml of 25% sodium hydroxide in a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask. The content was then heated on a water bath whilst gently mixing with
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and cleaning‚ which historically comes either in solid bars or in the form of a viscous liquid. Soap consists of sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids and is obtained by reacting common oils or fats with a strong alkaline in a process known as saponification. The fats are hydrolyzed by the base‚ yielding alkali salts of fatty acids (crude soap) and glycerol.
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of developing a virtual interface that acquires data from physical instrument (pH probe) used in the monitoring of a chemical process (in our case an acid base titration and a saponification reaction). The acquired data is processed offline and analyzed for further calculations. Key Words: -Virtual interface‚ Saponification Reaction‚ pH probe‚ etc. I. INTRODUCTION A LabVIEW program consists of one or more virtual instruments (VIs). Virtual instruments are called such because their appearance
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which was evident during the saponification reaction. The simple soap did appear to be a good emulsifier because the soap did dissolve in the mixture of mineral oil and water. In hard water the calcium and magnesium did loose their effectiveness and became insoluble in the solution. When magnesium was added to acidic water‚ the salt was converted to a fatty acid‚ and was also insoluble. Background: The purpose of this experiment is to demonstrate saponification in order to prepare a simple soap
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designed to extinguish cooking fats and oils through saponification. The extinguishing agent rapidly converts the burning substance to a non-combustible soap. This process is endothermic‚ meaning it absorbs thermal energy from its surroundings‚ decreasing the temperature and eliminating the fire. This process is known as Saponification. Saponifiable substances are those that can be converted into soap. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saponification‚ January 5‚ 2011) Dry Chemical extinguishment methods
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