MARCUS AND FISCHER Ethnography – concern with descriptions Experimental moment – eccectical‚ free of authoritarian paradigm‚ interpretive‚ anti-establishment; Positivism vs. interpretive SELF-CRITIQUE – discrupts common sens‚ remise en question of assumptions 1. First predicament : sensitivity to cultural difference 2. Second predicament : status of anthropology as a cultural critique (reflection of self through studying alien culture). DUALITY-Palestinian and American‚ Said 50s linguistics
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Substantive law is the statutory or written law that defines rights and duties‚ such as crimes and punishments (in the criminal law)‚ civil rights and responsibilities in civil law. It is codified in legislated statutes or can be enacted through the initiative process. Substantive law stands in contrast to procedural law‚ which is the "machinery" for enforcing those rights and duties. Procedural law comprises the rules by which a court hears and determines what happens in civil or criminal proceedings
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Had Socrates the right to flee‚ or‚ hat Socrates the duty to die? Socrates faced a life ending death penalty‚ although having a well prepared opportunity to escape; nevertheless‚ he decided to die. Is this cruel decision to justify? In Socrates’ eyes one has as a mature citizen a contract with the state where one lives. This contract contains duties for both sides. The state has to take care for his citizen whereas the citizen has not only to obey and protect the rules that the state determines
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Creation Research Society Quarterly 2012. 49:135–152. Volume 49‚ Fall 2012 135 Battlegrounds of Natural History: Actualism John K. Reed‚ Emmett L. Williams* Abstract A ctualism is a fundamental assumption of secular natural history. It replaced the Christian view of causality through providence‚ and it asserted an absolute physicochemical and geological continuity. Though often confused with uniformity and uniformitarianism due to secular obfuscation‚ actualism‚ at root‚ is
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criminologies emerged in the 1980s as a reaction to radical criminologies of previous decades. The latter shifted the focus of criminology from classicism‚ with its principles of rational choice and free will (Muncie and McLaughlin‚ 2004‚ p7)‚ and from positivism‚ which propounded that individuals are not responsible for their own actions for biological‚ psychological and sociological reasons (Muncie and McLaughlin‚ 2004‚ p9). In broad terms‚ radical criminologies such as interactionism‚ labelling‚ Marxism
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presentations given by Americans‚ some of the Germans found that negative aspects of a particular issue were not labeled as such but were listed under a heading such as "items for improvement" or were dropped altogether. To one of the Germans‚ American positivism was "distraction from genuine problems." This example supports the notion that Americans display more high-context behavior than Germans. In American meetings‚ the manner in which a group arrives at a consensus is important. Keeping an overall
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One relativistic theory of ethics is situationism. Situationism (also known as situation ethics) was devised by Joseph Fletcher‚ who was strongly against absolutist theories for instance; legalism and also disliked how religions were taught implying there were some rules that could never be broken‚ as he thought these rules are too demanding and restrictive. He then created this theory of situation ethics which is seen as the ‘mid way’ because it lies between antinomianism and legalism. Antinomianism
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contribute to one another’s social identity‚ which can also be thought of as a grand narrative constructed of many individual stories. The Sociology of Sociology * The French scholar Auguste Comte‚ founder of what he called “social physics” or “positivism‚” felt that we could better understand society by determining the logic or scientific laws governing human behavior. * Harriet Martineau‚ the first to translate Comte’s written works to English‚ was one of the earliest feminist social scientists
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Classical Theory SYA3110 Emile Durkheim Durkheim was known as the architect of social science and contributed a great deal to the social science community. Durkheim was not born with this title however. Durkheim was born from a long line of French Jews. His father‚ grandfather‚ and great grandfather were all rabbis. At an early stage in life however Durkheim made the decision not to follow in his family’s footsteps. He wanted to lead a completely secular life and much of his work was dedicated
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abnormal XYY (super male) chromosome (XY is the normal pattern in males) The Positivist theory of criminals being born rather than made died out‚ and there were moral implications with this. (http://sociologycriminology.wordpress.com/positive-theory-positivism/) Classical criminology is an approach to the legal system that arose during the Enlightenment in the 1700s. Philosophers like Cesare Beccaria‚ John Locke‚ and Jeremy Bentham expanded upon social contract theory to explain why people commit crime
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