also referred to as the "centigrade" scale. Centigrade means "consisting of or divided into 100 degrees". In 1742‚ the Celsius scale was invented by Swedish Astronomer Anders Celsius[->1]. Lord Kelvin[->2] took the whole process one step further with his invention of the Kelvin Scale in 1848. The Kelvin Scale measures the ultimate extremes of hot and cold. When you look at a regular outside bulb thermometer‚ you’ll see a thin red or silver line that grows longer when it is hotter. The line goes
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and the fourth family on the periodic table. Because it is located in group one‚ it is one of the most highly reactive and electropositive metals and is a base. Potassium is a solid‚ silvery white metal at 298 Kelvin‚ and has a melting point of 336.53 Kelvin; the boiling point is 1032 Kelvin. Its typical density is 856 kg m3-‚ making it the second least dense metal. Potassium can be found in nature‚ but not alone. It is found in numerous compounds and is too reactive to be alone. When mixing water
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number of moles. The volume simply indicates the volume of the container since a gas will take up all space available to it. The temperature indicates the average kinetic energy of the gas particles. For gases‚ the temperature must be converted to the Kelvin unit. The pressure of the gas indicates the number of collisions with each other and the wall of the container. The number of moles indicates the amount of gas particles. Gases do not have a definite shape of volume. Gases spread out into their
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and the temperature of a gas at constant pressure is known as Charles’s law. Charles’s law states that‚ at constant pressure‚ the volume of a given mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature. The law may be expressed mathematically as V=kT (Eq.1) where V is the volume‚ T is the Kelvin temperature of the gas‚ and k is a proportionality constant‚ which is dependent on the mass of gas and the pressure. If the pressure and the mass of a gas are kept constant‚ Charles’s law
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TUTORIAL 1 1. Convert the following temperatures to their values on the Fahrenheit and Kelvin scales: (a) the boiling point of liquid hydrogen‚ –252.87°C (b) the temperature of a room at 20°C. 2. A constant-volume gas thermometer is calibrated in dry ice (–80.0°C) and in boiling ethyl alcohol (78.0°C). The respective pressures are 0.900 atm and 1.635 atm. (a) What value of absolute zero does the calibration yield? (b) What pressures would be found at the freezing and boiling points of water
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IB Thermal Physics MCQ questions ( Higher) 1. Thermal energy is transferred through the glass windows of a house mainly by A. conduction. B. radiation. C. conduction and convection. D. radiation and convection. 2. The first law of thermodynamics may be expressed in terms of the quantities below. DU‚ the increase in the internal energy of the system Q‚ the energy transferred to the system by heating W‚ the work done on the system Which one of the following is a correct statement
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Thermodynamic Temperature | kelvin(K) | rankine (R)1 | Amount of Substance | mole(mol) | mole(mol) | 1http://www.mne.psu.edu/cimbala/Learning/General/units.htm Conversion Factors Length 1 m= 3.281 ft 1 m = 39.37 in. 1 ft= 0.305 m 1 cm= 0.394 in. 1 in. = 2.540 cm 1 ft. = 30.48 cm 1 yd= 91.44 cm 1 mi= 5280 ft 1 mi= 1.609 km Mass 1 kg= 2.204 lbm 1 kg= 0.0685 slug 1 lbm= 0.453 kg 1 slug= 14.59 kg Thermodynamic Temperature 1 kelvin= 9/5 rankine 1 rankine= 5/9 kelvin Area 1 cm2= 0
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Experiment :12 Vapor Pressure and the Heat of Vaporization Nicole Petersen TA: Ryan Dixon 4/16/2013 Purpose: Use experimental techniques to record temperature and volume data for known and unknown compounds. The liquid and gas are going to be at equilibrium. We will also determine the boiling point for the known and unknown. Then use a graph to calculate the slope and then use Clasius- Clapeyron equation to find the heat vaporization. Procedure: Refer to pages 155-167 of Chemistry 1210 General
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Chapter 1 Study of Chemistry -Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. It is a very practical science which means that it can be used to determine stuff we do in real life. For example‚ drugs‚ food‚ etc. are made by researching the chemical properties of the substance. -Matter is anything that has a mass and takes up space -Elements are the most basic substances something can be broken down into. There are about 100 elements known to scientists right now. There may be
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MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDINGS Since early times‚ human beings have been trying to understand their surroundings. Early Indian philosophers classified matter in the form of five basic elements – the “Panch Tatva”– air‚ earth‚ fire‚ sky and water. For a long time‚ two schools of thought prevailed regarding the nature of matter. One school believed matter to be continuous like a block of wood‚ whereas‚ the other thought that matter was made up of particles like sand. Activity ______________ 1.2 •
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