round do. We call such words as the and is form-words‚ because they are words in form only. When a form-word is entirely devoid of meaning‚ we may call it an empty word‚ as opposed to full words such as earth and round." Content words: noun‚ adjective‚ adverb‚ main verb Function words: auxiliary verb‚ modal verb‚ pronoun‚ preposition‚ determiner‚ conjunction. According to Prof. John Sinclair‚ there are two principles at work in language: The open choice & the idiom principle The
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big‚ great‚ high‚ large or tall Word | Explanation | Example | big | large in size‚ degree or amount | a big stone | great | much bigger than average | a great success a great time | high | measurement from the bottom to the top; greater than normal | a high mountain a high level | large | big in size and quantity | a large country a large number of people | tall | greater height than average | a tall man | Note: We use high or tall when we talk about buildings. | borrow or lend
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Chapter 4 Planning Business Messages UNDERSTANDING THE THREE-STEP WRITING PROCESS Business professionals undertake a wide variety of communication tasks everyday‚ many in the form of written messages. To compete for an audience’s attention‚ the writer must produce messages that are purposeful‚ audience-centered‚ and concise. An effective method for producing written messages is to view writing as a three-step process: planning‚ writing‚ and completing. Planning‚ the first step‚ entails first
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Introduction The Equal Protection Clause can be argued to be one of the most important rights a citizen has in the United States. It is one of the techniques someone can use to combat discrimination by a law‚ action‚ or procedure. However‚ an equal protection challenge can be just that‚ a challenge. This clause is much more complex than perceived. When brought before the court‚ it is decided on what level of scrutiny it will be examined. As equal protection is part of a list of rights for free citizens
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DIDLS Diction‚ Imagery‚ Details‚ Language‚ and Syntax Use diction to find tone. Use imagery‚ details‚ language and syntax to support tone. TONE Author’s attitude toward the subject‚ toward himself‚ or toward the audience. DICTION Adjectives‚ nouns‚ verbs‚ adverbs‚ negative words‚ positive words‚ synonyms‚ contrast. Look at the words that jump out at you - Evaluate only those words to find tone Also look at: Colloquial (Slang) Old-Fashioned Informal (Conversational) Formal
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Using Pronouns Correctly: Pronoun Reference A pronoun must refer clearly to its antecedent. Because a pronoun is a substitute word‚ it can express meaning clearly and definitely only if its antecedent is easily identified. In some sentence constructions‚ gender and number make the reference clear. Thomas and Jane discussed his absences and her good attendance. (gender) If the three older boys in the club carry out those plans‚ it will break up. (number) Word order can also make the
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17 On Saying Please The young lift-man in a City office who threw a passenger out of his lift the other morning and was fined for the offence was undoubtedly in the wrong. It was a question of ’Please’. The complainant entering the lift‚ said‚ ’Top’. The lift-man demanded ’Top-please’ and this concession being refused he not only declined to comply with the instruction‚ but hurled the passenger out of the lift. This‚ of course was carrying a comment on manner too far. Discourtesy is not a legal offence
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our Federalist system the States retain sig-nificant powers‚ the Supremacy Clause of the U. S. Consti-tution provides that within its own sphere‚ Federal law is supreme and State law must‚ in case of conflict‚ yield. Accordingly‚ any State constitutional provision or law that conflicts with the U. S. Constitution or valid Federal laws or treaties is unconstitutional and may not be given effect. Under the Supremacy Clause‚ whenever Congress enacts legislation within its constitutional powers‚ the
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Rule 1 Use a semicolon in place of a period to separate two sentences where the conjunction has been left out. Examples: Call me tomorrow; I will give you my answer then. I have paid my dues; therefore‚ I expect all the privileges listed in the contract. Rule 2 It is preferable to use a semicolon before introductory words such as namely‚ however‚ therefore‚ that is‚ i.e.‚ for example‚ e.g.‚ or for instance when they introduce a complete sentence. It is also preferable to use a
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Antithesis Juxtaposition Omission asyndeton ellipsis Parallelism Polysyndeton Repetition anadiplosis anaphora epanalepsis epistrophe Rhetorical Fragment Rhetorical Question Analysis of a Text Meaning and Effect related to parts of speech‚ phrases‚ clauses‚ sentences‚ and syntax Rhetorical Analysis Focused on Syntax Evaluate Create Composition Types (modes) Expository analytical cause/effect classification definition Structural Elements Introduction thesis Body use of commentary use of evidence
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