Vocab

Hindsight bias-known as the "I knew it all along" concept. Humans tend to believe the outcome of experiment that seems inevitable was known all along
Critical thinking-examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence and asses conclusions
Theory-explains through an integrated set of principals that organizes observations and predicts behavior or events
Hypothesis-testable predictions produced by good theories
Operational definition- definition of precise procedures and concepts
Replication- repeat the original observations
Case study-examines one individual in depth In hopes of revealing things true of us all.
Survey-method that looks at many cases in less depth
Population-represents a whole group
Random sample-every person in the entire group has an equal chance of participating
Naturalistic observation- a descriptive method that records behavior in natural environments
Correlation- relationship between two things, how they impact one another.
Correlation coefficient-a statistical measure that helps us figure out how two things vary.
Scatterplot- illustrating the range of possible correlations
Illusory correlation-a perceived but non existent correlation
Experiment-enables a researcher to research the effects of one or more factors
Random assignment-used to hold all factors constant
Double-blind procedure-never the participants or the research assistants collect the data will know which group is receive the treating.
Placebo effect-when a sugar pill is given to trick one into thinking they are being provided treatment
Experimental group-group in which people receive treatment
Control group-does not receive treatment
Independent variable-the experiment can be manipulated with this factor
Confounding variable-can influence the result of the experiment
Dependent variable-can vary depending on what takes place in the experiment
Mode- the most frequently occurring
Mean-arithmetic average
Median-the midpoint
Range-gap