Lecture 14 Lecture Gene Complementation in Bacteria In order to perform tests for dominance or for complementation in bacteria we need a way to make the bacteria diploid for part of the chromosome. To do this we need to consider a different extrachromosomal element: Ori T The F plasmid (length 105 base pairs) Tra genes There are some special terms to describe the state of F in a cell: F– refers to a strain without any form of F‚ whereas F+ refers to a strain with an F plasmid. F‚
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some people see bacteria as something that is harmful and that causes nothing but illness and infections. Bacteria can actually be helpful as well. It can provide vitamins to your body‚ help digestion‚ destroy bad organisms‚ help make medicines and also help out with the environment. In this research paper‚ it will describe two bacteria that are helpful and sometimes harmful to humans and the environment‚ which are E. coli and Lactobacillus Acidophilus. E. coli E. coli is the bacteria that live in
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blue onto the smear for 30 second‚ rinsed with water‚ blotted dry and observed the slide using oil immersion. Gram Stain For comparison purpose‚ I used two bacteria for this experiment. They are E. coli‚ a gram negative bacteria and Staphylococcus‚ a gram positive bacteria. I prepared a heat fixed smear of both bacteria. First‚ I used crystal violet as my primary stain‚ put few drops of it on the smear and let it sit for 30 seconds.
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of disease Pilus- protein structures on the surface of some bacteria Halophile- Salt loving Achaea that live in environments with very high salt concentration Prokaryote- single celled organisms‚ lack membrane bound nucleus Zoonosis- A disease that can be passed down from animals to humans Endospore- When Gram positive bacteria can form a thick coated‚ resistant structure Compare and contrast Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Gram negative- Dyes red its more complicated and has less
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resistance occurs when an antibiotic is no longer effective against a particular bacteria‚ making that organism resistant to the effects of the antibiotic. Bacteria become resistant due to selective pressure. Those organisms which resist the antibiotic‚ and do not die from it ’s effects have a greater chance of survival within the host‚ therefore allowing them to reproduce and spread it ’s resistance to other bacteria. while the ones susceptible to the antibiotics die. This can be caused by unnecessary
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Abstract Some bacteria are able to go through transformation making new combinations of genes. Transformation is a way of gene variability in bacteria. This experiment is based on the transformation mechanism of bacteria and gene regulation. The bacteria used for the experiment was Escherichia coli and the genes introduces for the transformation were: gfp and bla by a pGLO™ plasmid. After the insertion of the target genes and growing the bacteria on specialized LB media‚ it could be seen that the
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Cells Now we need to discuss CELLS. You’ve probably heard of cells‚ and may even know of a few‚ such as blood cells‚ nerve cells‚ or skin cells. What are these things called cells? Cells are the smallest living things. You’ll be learning a lot about cells in this course. For now‚ however‚ I’ll introduce you to just a few basic things about them. Cells are extremely tiny organisms that carry out all of the functions of life inside a thin layer of “skin” called (unimaginatively) the CELL MEMBRANE
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1. To distinguish the bacteria abilities to metabolize various substrates and end products formed. 2. To observe the growth of different bacteria species in term of structures and its morphology based on different chemical substance applied. 3. To observe physiological and immunological properties utilized by different species of bacteria. INTRODUCTION: Bacteria biochemical testing can determine the types and numbers in terms of colony forming units of bacteria present in a sample of different
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MANIPULATION OF BACTERIA INTRODUCTION: In this experiment that we performed‚ there were many methods that were used to help us manipulate and identify the bacteria E.coli on a MacConkey agar plate. The first part of the experiment involved the methods of manipulating‚ identifying and counting the bacteria and the second part was to find out whether the bacteria E.coli was the only type found in the given area by gram staining. E.coli was the chosen bacteria for this type of experiment. It is
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Super Bowl: a case study of buzz marketing Keywords Super Bowl event marketing internet advertising buzz marketing word of mouth advertising tools Abstract In the US‚ the Super Bowl is annually the nation’s highest-rated TV programme and the most watched single-day sporting event. But could the Super Bowl‚ like other sporting events that traditionally attracted millions of people‚ fall prey to competition? This case study argues that despite the increasing fragmentation of viewing audiences
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