Assess the strengths and limitations for using participant observation to study truancy There are many strengths and limitations for using participant observation to study truancy. Truancy is defined as an unauthorised absence from school. Sociologists may want to investigate why truancy occurs‚ what anti-school subcultures are more likely to truant and what effect truancy has on pupils’ future careers or achievements. Participant observation is where the researcher takes part in the event that
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It is widely known that unhelpful thinking in the form of dysfunctional beliefs and/or cognitive distortions is just like any other automatically occurring bad habit; with practice and effort‚ people can become more aware of what is happening in their minds and change how they are thinking for the better. Cognitive restructuring therapy‚ also known as cognitive reframing‚ is a technique drawn from cognitive therapy that can help people identify‚ challenge and alter stress-inducing thought patterns
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Outline and evaluate the psychodynamic approach to abnormality The psychodynamic approach to abnormality assumes that unconscious desires and memories influence behaviour and may lead to abnormality. It claims that personality develops in the childhood through a number of psychosexual stages and that too much or too little pleasure at one of these can lead to fixation and abnormal behaviour. For example‚ between the ages of two and four‚ children are in the anal stage- too much focus on holding in
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Dear Abby‚ I have left my family and moved to Malaysia to work. Since I have been here my family has become very absent. In the beginning they used to email me all of the time‚ asking about my life and experiences here. Now‚ 5 years later‚ no one calls or even emails to see how I am. The truth is that I’m starting to feel like we are not close anymore. I know they love me because we are family and we will always be‚ but is it too much to expect for them to check in once in a while? Do you
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them up in and I’ll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select - doctor‚ lawyer‚ artist‚ merchant-chief and‚ yes‚ even beggar-man and thief‚ regardless of his talents‚ penchants‚ tendencies‚ abilities‚ vocations and the race of his ancestors” (Watson‚ 1924‚ p. 104). Classical conditioning theory involves learning a new behavior via the process of association. In simple terms two stimuli are linked together to produce a new learned response
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is something a sociologist does‚ it is someone who studies society and social behavior and they do this by examining the cultures‚ groups‚ organizations‚ social institutions‚ and processes that people develop. They also study how society changes by using different methods to understand society. We are all in a group that lives in a particular territory‚ in a political authority‚ we are people who separate ourselves from other groups
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EXAM QUESTIONS Evaluate methods used by the psychodynamic approach. One of the methods used by the psychodynamic approach is case studies. Case studies are used to practice their therapy on to see if it actually works. The therapy created by Sigmund Freud‚ is called psychoanalysis. An example of one of the case studies would be the case study of Little Hans. Hans was at the age where he noticed he had a penis and therefore played with it a lot. His mother noticed this and told him to stop it otherwise
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BEHAVIOR APPROACH Albert Ellis A showy‚ humorous‚ and often abrasive figure‚ first articulated his highly influential based on the A-B-C theory of Change. He Continued to developing his ideas‚ teaching‚ and writing until his death in 2007 at age of 93. His theory used cognitive‚ behavioral‚ and affective techniques to help people make themselves less unhappy. Aaron Beck One of the most disciplined researchers om the field of counseling and psychotherapy. Began his career attempting
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The biological or medical model approach examines psychological disorders as a type of illness and assumes it is a physical issue. The approach believes that factors such as genes‚ bio-chemistry‚ neuro-anatomy and germs are the causes of psychological disorders‚ and use treatments such as drugs and psychosurgery to rectify them. (Saul McLeod‚ 2008/2014) Anxiolytic drugs such as benzodiazepines are commonly used in the treatment of somebody with depression or bipolar as they increase activity in the
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The psychodynamic approach is mainly based on Freud’s ideas. Freud implied there was three main assumptions they include e.g. - how the unconscious mind drives our ideas‚ Freud believes the unconscious mind is repressed information is stored. However a limitation of this is that Popper questions whether the unconscious mind even exists as you can’t see it or touch it he also questions this due to the lack of scientific research to back up Freud’s assumption. On the other hand strength of this is
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