Analysis of Soda Ash and Volumetric Analysis of a Carbonate-Bicarbonate Mixture Buti‚ Mary Daphne A. Department of Chemical Engineering‚ Faculty of Engineering University of Santo Tomas España‚ Manila Abstract Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)‚ commonly known by trade name soda ash‚ is a white‚ anhydrous‚ powdered or granular material that is an essential raw material used in the manufacturing of glass‚ detergents‚ chemicals‚ and other industrial products. In this experiment‚ the percent alkalinity
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Sodium chloride‚ also known as salt‚ common salt‚ table salt‚ or halite‚ is an ionic compound with the formula NaCl. Sodium chloride is the salt most responsible for the salinity of the ocean and of the extracellular fluid of many multicellular organisms. As the major ingredient in edible salt‚ it is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. [edit] Properties Thermal conductivity of pure NaCl as a function of temperature has a maximum of 2.03 W/(cm K) at 8 K and decreases to 0.069 at 314
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Sodium‚ one of many elements in the periodic table is being used in everyday life‚ it is also an essential element within your body. It is just another element‚ but one of the differences is that this element is something that most people consume every day. Sodium has played an important role in everyday life because of its uses in medicine‚ industry‚ and agriculture(Shriver). Sodium was discovered in 1807 by a man named Sir Humphrey Davy. He was well known for his discoveries of most alkali metals
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Lab 4. Volumetric Determination of Impure Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) Introduction: To determine the total amount of carbonate in unrefined sodium carbonate‚ soda ash‚ a titration is done using a standardized solution of HCl. Aqueous HCl is a strong acid and therefore almost completely disassociates into H+ and CL-. Therefore‚ when HCl is used in a titration‚ the H+ is the titrant. Carbonate in aqueous solution is able to accept a proton‚ i.e. it acts as a base. When carbonate accepts the H+ a bicarbonate
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of Potassium Hydroxide affecting the temperature of water that it is dissolved in. One person stirred in the different concentrations of Potassium Hydroxide while the other measured the temperature as it rose after the pellets dissolved. At times it was difficult to ensure that the pellets were completely dissolved within the solution. Raw Data Table: The temperature of water after dissolving different concentrations of Potassium Hydroxide in it. Concentration of Potassium Hydroxide (g/ml) (±0.01
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Sodium Zeolite Softening Introduction Cation Exchanger Bead + + + + + - -+ -+ + + + + -+ + + - -+ -+ + - + + -+ Ion exchange is the process in which materials exchange one ion for another‚ hold it temporarily‚ and release it to a regenerating solution. These materials are widely used to treat raw water supplies that contain dissolved salts. Today‚ the most commonly used material is an ion exchange resin. Resins are plastic beads to which a favorable
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Making Sodium Chloride Equipment: Method: 1. Firstly‚ safety measures were taken by putting on laboratory coats‚ wearing safety goggles and tying long hair back. This was to protect clothing‚ eyes and to avoid burning as the experiment included dealing with open flames. 2. The equipment needed (as shown and labelled in picture A) was collected. 3. Using a measuring cylinder for each‚ to be exact with measurements‚ we measured out 10cm³ of HCl and 10cm³
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Determination of the Solubility Product Constant of Calcium Hydroxide Introduction The equilibrium constant for the solubility equilibrium between an ionic solid and its ions is called solubility constant [1] ‚ Ksp of the solute. For example‚ the solubility product is defined by MxAy(s) ⇋xM(aq)y++ yA(aq)x- (1) Where M is the metal cation‚ A is the anion‚ x and y are the corresponding charges of the ions. The equilibrium expression is Ksp=[MY+]x[AX-]Y (2)
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Standardisation of a Solution of Sodium Hydroxide: Introduction: In a lot of cases it isn’t possible to prepare a solution by accurate weighing of the solute‚ dissolving in water and diluting to volume. There are many possible reasons for this‚ but in the case of sodium hydroxide‚ the solid absorbs moisture from the air‚ and also reacts with carbon dioxide from the air. In that case‚ it cannot be accurately weighed in air. In an experiment like this‚ a solution of the approximate required concentration
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Chemistry Write-Up The Thermal Decomposition of Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate Aim: When Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate (NaHCO3) is heated‚ Carbon dioxide and water are given off to leave a white powder. The aim is to find the equations for this reaction. Hypothesis: The experiment will prove which of the equations below is true. It will tell us whether Sodium Carbonate is produced or Sodium Oxide. 2NaHCO3 Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O 2NaHCO3 Na2O + 2CO2 + H2O Variables: Independent: Original
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