Aldol Condensation Formal Abstract: An aldol condensation reaction was performed on acetophenone using p-anisaldehyde and sodium hydroxide as a base. This produced trans-p-anisalacetophenone in the form of a fluffy yellow crystal. The reaction was performed in a test tube and sodium hydroxide was added drop by drop followed by recrystallization and vacuum filtration. In order to verify the presence of the ketone 2‚4-dinitrophenylhydrazone was synthesized and reacted with trans-p-anisalacetophenone
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vinegar In the equation of the balanced chemical equation between the ethanoic acid (CH3COOH solution) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH solution)‚ CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O We can determine that 1 mol of ethanoic acid is needed to neutralize 1 mol of sodium hydroxide‚ meaning that the amount of moles ethanoic acid used in the reaction is equal to the amount of moles of sodium hydroxide used‚ their ration being 1:1. Figure 1 Calculation of acid concentration by inserting the measured and previously
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(unbuffered and buffered both) and how much they resist changes to pH. This is accomplished by having ten graduated beakers: two containing pure water‚ two with .1 M Sodium Chloride‚ two with 1 gram of solid sodium acetate dissolved in acetic acid‚ two with 5 grams of solid sodium acetate dissolved in acetic acid‚ and two with 10 grams of solid sodium acetate dissolved in acetic acid. These are split into two groups of five containing one of each solution. The pH of each solution is then measured and a pipette
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instruments to ensure my results would be as accurate as possible. Volumetric burette: This instrument was filled with the sodium hydroxide solution that would be gradually added to the vinegar solution. The burette was used instead of a measuring cylinder as it gives a finer volume reading. It has a tap which enables the user to quickly and easily stop the amount of sodium hydroxide solution that pours out. However using a piston burette instead of a volumetric burette may have increased the chances
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Mrs Trennor Research Assignment: The Chloralkali Industry The chloralkali process is responsible for the production of chlorine gas (Cl2)‚ sodium hydroxide (NaOH) hence the name chloralkali. The process is also responsible for the production of hydrogen gas (H2). These three substances are used to make products that are essential to people’s lives. The chloralkali process does have environmental
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solutions. He or she could also be influenced by price‚ attractiveness of packaging and whether or not the medication can be conveniently carried. Q4. Many antacids fizz when dissolved in a glass of water. One such brand lists among its ingredients‚ sodium hydrogen carbonate and citric acid. Write an ionic equation for the reaction between HCO3–(aq) and H3O+(aq) responsible for the ‘fizz’. A4. HCO3–(aq) + H3O+(aq) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) Q5. In each of the following equations: i identify the acids and bases
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soap is a salt of a fatty acid. Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with a long unbranced hydrocarbon (aliphatic) chains. It contains at least 12 carbons and a carboxylic acid group. Materials and Apparatus: Olive oil‚ 95% ethanol‚ beaker‚ 50% sodium hydroxide solution‚ Buchner filter‚ hot plate‚ salt solution‚ magnetic stirrer‚ filter funnel‚ glass rod‚ filter paper‚ weighing balance‚ watch glass and measuring cylinder. From the diagram above‚ we can clearly see that the ionic (highly polar and
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ACIDS AND BASES IN H I G H L Y DILUTE AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS] Can. J. Chem. Downloaded from www.nrcresearchpress.com by 86.145.230.179 on 01/15/13 For personal use only. ABSTRACT Heats of neutralization of sulphuric and hydrochloric acids by sodium hydroxide have been determined‚ using a microcalorimeter of the Tian-Calvet type. The range of concentrations employed was 5x10-" N to 3x10-* N‚which is sufficiently low to permit an accurate extrapolation to be made down to zero concentration. The extrapolated
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Interesting results may be obtained by comparing the acidity of both samples of vinegar with factory analysis data. 2. Principle The content of acetic acid in vinegar will be determined by acid – base titration with the standard solution of sodium hydroxide with approximate concentration c(NaOH) = 1 mol/L. This is prepared using the primary standard reagent potassium hydrogen phthalate. The time for one titration is about 10 minutes. 2.1. Acid – base titration An acid – base titration is a procedure
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vinegar by using 0.1 M HCl and NaOH solution. By performing three titrations to determine the concentration of the base‚ the concentration of the acid was determined to be 0.600 M. It was possible to determine its concentration by standardizing the sodium hydroxide solution used for the first three titrations and by using phenolphthalein to indicate its equivalence point. In conclusion‚ although there were sources of error‚ the hypothesis was proven correct by the efficiency of the procedures and the accuracy
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