Babur defeated the last of the Delhi Sultans‚ Ibrahim Shah Lodi‚ at the First Battle of Panipat. To secure his newly founded kingdom‚ Babur then had to face the formidable Rajput confederacy led by Rana Sanga of Chittor‚ at the Battle of Khanwa. Rana Sanga offered stiff resistance but was defeated due to treachery within his own ranks. Babur’s son Humayun succeeded him in 1530 but suffered major reversals at the hands of the Pashtun Sher Shah Suri and effectively lost most of the fledgling empire
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pre-modern history and was the precursor to the British Indian Empire. The titles of the first of the six Mughal Emperors receive varying degrees of prominence in present-day Pakistan and India. Some favour Babur the pioneer and others his great-grandson‚ Shah Jahan (r. 1628-58)‚ builder of the Taj Mahal and other magnificent buildings. The other two prominent rulers were Akbar (r. 1556-1605) and Aurangzeb (r. 1658-1707). Both rulers expanded the empire greatly and were able administrators. However‚ Akbar
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His large‚ well-trained cavalry and artillery provided him the advantage of agility and speed over his enemies’ infantries in his conquests. Surprisingly‚ the emperor to establish the foundation of the Mughal Empire was‚ in fact‚ not a Mughal. Sher Shah Suri exiled Humayun‚ son of Babur‚ i would regain his throne a decade
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swept across theKhyber Pass and established the Mughal Empire‚ covering modern day Afghanistan‚ Pakistan‚ India and Bangladesh.[79] However‚ his son Humayun was defeated by the Afghan warrior Sher Shah Suri in the year 1540‚ and Humayun was forced to retreat to Kabul. After Sher Shah’s death‚ his son Islam Shah Suri and the Hindu king Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya‚ who had won 22 battles fromPunjab to Bengal and had established a secular Hindu Raj‚ ruled North India from Delhi till 1556‚ when Akbar’s
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power. 1540 afghan leader sher shah suri defeats humayun andseizes the empire. 1555 humayun re-conquers delhi. 1556 humayun dies‚ young akber is enthroned. 1605 death of akber and succession of son jahangir. 1617 revolt in the southern states of the empire breaks out and jhangir sends son khurram to pacify them. Khurram recived the title of shah jahan. 1627 jahangir dies and shah jahan assumes the throne. 1631 shah jahans queen mamtaz mahal dies during childbirth. Shah jahan commissions the building
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forces of Sher Shah Suri. Akbar was brought up in Kabul at the household of his paternal uncles‚ Kamran Mirza and Aksari Mirza. After 15 years of exile‚ Humayun returned to Delhi. With
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first to move his capital fromDelhi to Agra in 1506. He died in 1517 and his son‚ Ibrāhīm Lodī‚ remained in power there for nine more years‚ finally being defeated at the Battle of Panipat in 1526.[5] Between 1540 and 1556‚ Afghans‚ beginning with Sher Shah Suri ruled the area. It achieved fame as the capital of the Mughal Empire from 1556 to 1658. Though Agra’s history is largely recognised with Mughal Empire‚ the place was established much before it and has linkages since Mahabharat period and Mahirshi
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Indo Pak History PAPER - I SULTAN MUHAMMAD BIN TUGHLAQ "Sultan Muhammad Tughluq was a victim of circumstances over which he had nominal control" Comment. (2000)‚ (2007) “Sultan Muhammad-bin-Tughluq’s character was a mixture of two extremes‚ but he was a man of Ideas”. Discuss. (2002) Discuss good points and bad points ofSultan Muhammad bin Tughlaq. (2003) Critically analyse the causes of the downfall of Tughluq Dynasty (2008) MAHMOOD OF GHAZNA “Mahmood of Ghzna’s real aim was to establish
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4. History of Pakistan | | | 30th September 1947 | Pakistan become member of UN | 26th October 1947 | Kashmiri Maharaja acceded to India which Lord Mountbatten accepted on behalf of India | 27th October 1947 | India air-lift its troops to Srinagar and lauched a full scale attack on Kashmir | 1948 AD | First Pakistan India War | 1st January 1948 | India took Kashmir dispute to Security council | 1st April 1948 | India cut off water supply to Pakistan from two of its headworks‚ causing a
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Contents Sr. No. Title Page No. 1. The Mughal Empire 1-2 2. Mughal Emperors 2-3 3. Nature of Mughal Administration 3-4 4. Administration in Mughal Empire 4-5 5. Administration under Sher Shah 5-6 6. Central Administration 6-9 9 The Emperor 6 10 Wakil and Wazir 7 11 Diwani Kul 7 12 Mir Bakhshi 8 13 Mir Saman 9 14 Sadr-us Sudur 9 15 Qazi-ul Qazzat 9 7. Provincial Administration
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