reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro. Antioxidant activity of the extracts were also demonstrable in vivo by the inhibition of the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) – induced formation of lipid peroxides in the liver of rats by pretreatment with the extracts. CCl4 – induced hepatotoxicity in rats‚ as judged by the raised serum enzymes‚ glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT)‚ was prevented by pretreatment with the extracts‚ demonstrating the hepatoprotective action
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In today’s society there are many Health disparities that affect millions of Americans each year. Approximately 1.5 million people‚ who die each year‚ die from chronic diseases that are listed as one of the top 10 global health disparities. The type of health disparities that Americans face are Heart disease‚ Cardiovascular disease‚ Type II Diabetes‚ Colon cancer‚ and Obesity. Heart disease is the leading cause of death throughout the world. Cardiovascular disease and cancer account for almost two-thirds
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Myth and Legends In the Popol Vuh their is a story that explains the creation of man. In the myth it describes the four stages that god went through before humans came to be. The first stage explains that earth was completely empty their was no life on earth. There was only land‚ sea‚ and sky. Then the great molder set out to marks on the earth‚ these marks then became the four corners of the world. The second stage is about the great molder starting to shape the landscape‚ by creating mountains
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• Used to measure blood pressure in rats and mice • Measures systolic blood pressure on the caudal artery • Uses a tail cuff system ADI instrument Set-up Hardware: Powerlab – data acquisition device NIBP System - outputs the pressure and pulse signals to a PowerLab via a bayonet nut connector (BNC: A type of cable) connection NIBP controller Pulse Rodent transducer/ pressure cuff Restrainer - for securing rat‚ limiting its movement during experiment
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theories from observing the behaviors of rats and pigeons isolated in what have come to be known as Skinner boxes. Inside the boxes‚ rats that had been deprived of food were presented with a lever that‚ when pushed‚ would drop a pellet of food into the cage. Of course‚ the rat wouldn’t know this‚ and so the first time it hit the lever‚ it was a purely accidental‚ the result of what Skinner called random trial and error behavior. Eventually‚ however‚ the rat would "learn" that hitting the lever resulted
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genetically engineered tomato can sit in the fridge for about 2 weeks and still taste fresh and delicious ‚ However the chemicals that the scientists use for GM foods could harm us‚ there are known effects on human health‚ A study of feeding rats GM potatoes died before the rats who ate the un modified potatoes. How can we make sure that the GM foods we put into our bodies is safe? The answer‚ No- Scientist don’t have enough information/research to prove that GE goods are safe for human consumption. Some
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20th century‚ many people believed that animals AND PEOPLE learned through a process of conditioning. For example‚ there were laboratory studies where rats were trained to push a button when a light came on. Each time the rat did this‚ it was given a piece of food. After a while‚ the rat would push the button every time the light came on. The rat had learned to associate pushing the button with getting food. This theory became known as behaviorism.
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transform short-term-memories into long-term-memories. He then built an artificial rat hippocampus‚ an experimental prosthesis‚ with the general rule in hand. He taught the rats with electrodes monitoring their hippocampuses to press a lever‚ and was able to obtain the corresponding space-time codes. He then ran the code through his mathematical model and sent it back to the rats’ brain. And‚ you know what? The rats successfully pressed their levers‚ validating Berger’s system. He also tried out
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years we have found out that the disease was caused by bacteria and parasites that used rats as hosts. North Africa‚ in the 8th century CE‚ was the primary source of grain for the empire‚ along with a number of different commodities including paper‚ oil‚ ivory‚ and slaves. Stored in vast warehouses‚ the grain provided a perfect breeding ground for the fleas and rats‚ crucial to the transmission of plague. These rats would then infect our drinking
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+ based on animal studies. Animal studies assumes same basic laws of learning apply to humans. Many ideas of behavioural approach tested on animals such as rats make generalisations to human behaviour. + strongly replicated; others reaching same conclusion makes theory more reliable. + can be easily tested through scientific study. Doesn’t blame patient. Removes all blame from patient as they have simply learnt disorder due upbringing & environment so doesn’t condemn for having disease as not
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