than acetic acid. Reason : due to –I effect of phenyl group. Relative basic strength of amines 1. All aliphatic amines are more basic than ammonia. e.g. Methyl amine is more basic than ammonia. Reason : Due to +I effect of methyl group. 2. Aniline is weaker base than Ammonia. Reason : Due to
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Leather Guidebook An online open-content source of knowledge that aims to position itself‚ with the time‚ as a most comprehensive guide for the leather industry. It is based on the free participation of individuals and organizations around the world willing to share their experience and knowledge to develop a leather manual that covers both production and marketing subjects. The articles you will find here have gone through professional validation in order to be as accurate and reliable as
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3-2-3-1-Conventional Culture Method (Marks 1972): The infected lesions of the tuberculin positive reactors were collected and placed in to a sterile mortar containing sterile sand. The fat was removed and the suspected parts were cut into minute pieces. Then 2 ml of distilled water added to the mixture‚ homogenized and crushed well until the suspension was obtained. Then 2 ml of H2So4 acid 4% added to the mixture then incubated the mixture at 37 0C for 1/2 h. The mixture was diluted with
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suspension of the powdered ore is made with water. To it‚ collectors and froth stabilizers are added. Collectors (e. g.‚ pine oils‚ fatty acids‚ xanthates‚ etc.) enhance non-wettability of the mineral particles and froth stabilizers (e. g.‚ cresols‚ aniline) stabilize the froth. The mineral particles become wet by oils while the gangue particles by water. A rotating paddle agitates the mixture and draws air in it. As a result‚ froth is formed which carries the mineral particles. The froth is light and
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| | Mineral oil | Damage to liver‚carcinogenic effects | | Karanja oil | Heart problems‚ liver damage | | Castor oil | Stomach problem | Asafoetida | Foreign resins galbanum‚ colophony resin | dysentery | Turmeric powder | Yellow aniline dyes | Carcinogenic | | Non-permitted colourants like metanil yellow | Highly Carcinogenic | | Tapioca starch | Stomach disorder | Chilli powder | Brick powder‚ saw dust | Stomach problems | | Artificial Colours | Cancer | Sweets‚
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FE 315 INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Instructor: Dr. Hüseyin BOZKURT High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is one mode of chromatography‚ the most widely used analytical technique. Chromatographic processes can be defined as separation techniques involving mass-transfer between stationary and mobile phases. Present day liquid chromatography that generally utilizes very small packing particles and a relatively high pressure is referred to as high
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Objectives After studying this Unit‚ you will be able to • name haloalkanes and haloarenes according to the IUPAC system of nomenclature from their given structures; • describe the reactions involved in the preparation of haloalkanes and haloarenes and understand various reactions that they undergo; • correlate the structures of haloalkanes and haloarenes with various types of reactions; • use stereochemistry as a tool for understanding the reaction mechanism; • appreciate the applications of organo-metallic
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Benzene is a special case of conjugation that leads to an especially stable bonding arrangement. The benzene ring consists of six sp2 hybridized carbon atoms in a regular hexagon. Each carbon forms two σ-bonds with adjacent carbons‚ and a third σ-bond with a hydrogen atom. The 2p orbital on each atom is available for π-bonding. Interaction between the p orbitals on the six carbon atoms forms a conjugated system of π-electrons. Molecules with this bonding arrangement are called aromatic molecules
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0 PANJAB UNIVERSITY CHANDIGARH- 160 014 (INDIA) (Estted. under the Panjab University Act VII of 1947-enacted by the Govt. of India) FACULTY OF SCIENCE SYLLABI FOR M.Sc. (TWO YEAR COURSE ) IN CHEMISTRY 1st & 2nd YEAR( Semester System) EXAMINATIONS 2013-2014 --:O:-- 1 OUTLINES OF TESTS‚ SYLLABI AND COURSES OF READING FOR M.Sc. FIRST YEAR (SEMESTER-I) EXAMINATION OF 2013 OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE To teach the fundamental concepts of Chemistry and their applications. The syllabus pertaining
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Background BASF is the largest diversified chemical company in the world and is headquartered in Ludwigshafen‚ Germany. BASF originally stood for BadischeAnilin- und Soda-Fabrik (English: Baden Aniline and Soda Factory).BASF was founded on 6 April 1865 in Mannheim‚ in the German-speaking country of Baden by Friedrich Engelhorn. Currently there are 109‚140 people worldwide working in BASF. The BASF Group comprises subsidiaries and joint ventures in more than 80 countries and operates six integrated
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