CAUTI or a catheter associated urinary tract infection is the most common of all health associated infections. So‚ CAUTIs consists of 40% of health associated infections (Ozella‚ 2010). The risk of a patient developing a CAUTI is about “3% to 7% in an acute care setting” (Ozella‚ 2010). In addition‚ CAUTIs results in approximately “$565 million in excess health care costs and approximately 13‚000 deaths are each year” (Rabideaux‚ 2013). Furthermore‚ although the complications of CAUI can vary from
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the host. Biological weapons can be used to harm vulnerable organisms such as humans‚ animals or vegetation (Biological Threats‚ 2013). They can also be employed to contaminate inorganic elements such as air‚ water and soil. There’s an array of microorganisms that can be utilized as biological weapons‚ some are more reliable based of their availability and effectiveness. The substances that are commonly chosen for biological weapons are highly toxic‚ cheap to produce and obtain‚ easy to disseminate
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animals suffering from a specific disease but should not be found in healthy animals. 2. The specific microorganism should be isolated from the diseased animal and grown in pure culture on artificial laboratory media. 3. This freshly isolated microorganism‚ when inoculated into a healthy laboratory animal‚ should cause the same disease seen in the original animal. 4. The microorganism should be reisolated in pure culture from the experimental infection. In this exercise‚ Penicillium was
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Unit 20 – Causes and Spread of Infection 1.1 Identify the differences between bacteria‚ viruses‚ fungi and parasites. Bacteria‚ fungi and parasites are all considered as ‘living’ things‚. Bacteria are single celled microorganisms that can only been seen through a microscope‚ they collect their nutrition from their surrounding and unlike viruses‚ they do not need a living host to reproduce. Viruses are difficult to destroy because they are enclosed in a protein coating. Viruses are disease-producing
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sludge and trickling filter. Activated sludge through the aeration of the mixture of microorganisms‚ which are also referred to as biological sludge‚ and wastewater. The microorganisms are subjected under an environment that facilitates their growth (Neary‚ 2009).The wastewater is continuously run into the aeration tank so that the provision of oxygen is enabled. Through the provision of oxygen‚ the microorganisms are in a position to break down the pollutants that are organic. In the end‚ the activated
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However‚ using the staining methods‚ specific bacterial morphologies were identified. For example‚ at 100x‚ a direct stain of yeast returned a cluster of cocci. A stain is a chemical that adheres to structures of the microorganism and in effect dyes the microorganism so the microorganism can be easily seen under a microscope. Stains used in microbiology are either basic (direct) or acidic (indirect). Basic dyes are used for positive or direct staining
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it would be in places like Texas‚ Louisiana‚ Oklahoma‚ Mississippi‚ and South Dakota. Research showed that microorganisms caused both fermentation and disease. This supported the germ theory of disease. Also‚ this leads him to the vaccine for cholera. He continued his study of fermentation. He invented and patented to fight the “disease” of wine. He found that the unwanted microorganisms in wine can be destroyed by heat. A year later‚ Louis Pasteur found a vaccine for rabies in 1882. Rabies is
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The University of the West Indies Faculty of Medical Sciences The UWI School of Nursing‚ Mona Year II Semester II BScN Catheterizing the Female Urinary Bladder Overview: Urinary Catheterization is the introduction of a catheter through the urethra into the bladder for the purpose of withdrawing urine. Purpose of the Urinary Catheterization is to 1. Prevent or relieve bladder distension 2. Promote urinary elimination 3. Obtain a sterile specimen of Urine 4. Obtain
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Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction A hand sanitizer or hand antiseptic is a supplement or alternative to hand washingwith soap and water. Various preparations are available‚ including gel‚ foam‚ and liquid solutions. The active ingredient in hand sanitizers may be isopropanol‚ ethanol‚ n-propanol‚ or povidone-iodine. Inactive ingredients in alcohol rubs typically include a thickening agentsuch as polyacrylic acid for alcohol gels‚ humectants such as glycerin for
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(Primary stain) for 1 minute. Rinse with D-water Apply Iodine (Mordant) for 1 minute. Rinse with D-water. Apply Alcohol (Decolorize) for 30 seconds. Rinse with D-water. Apply Safarin (Counterstain) for 1 minute. Blot dry with bibulous paper. MICROORGANISMS USED: E. coli‚ B. cereus‚ S. aureus & E.coli (mixture) RESULTS/DATA USED: E.coli cell shape was bacilli (rod) with a diplobaccillus arrangement. The color was pink because it was Gram negative. B.cereus cell shape was bacilli (rod) with
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