Background to the Problem The Kashmir territorial dispute between India and Pakistan is among the modern world’s longest running conflicts. Since 1947‚ the region has witnessed a recurring series of unstable confrontations. South Asia as a result has being widely considered one of the most dangerously unstable and crisis-prone regions. Three major wars‚ in 1947-48‚ 1965‚ 1971 and a limited war in 1999 have been fought over Kashmir. Currently crisis still escalates in Kashmir and if the problem remains
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HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The Kashmir tragedy began when under the Treaty of Amritsar in 1846; the British sold the state of Jammu and Kashmir to Gulab Singh‚ a Hindu Dogra chieftain for the sum of 7.5 million rupees. Lord Lawrence who negotiated this treaty‚ termed this transaction as “iniquitous arrangement” The sale of such a vast area with a predominantly Muslim majority was justified by the Viceroy Lord Hardinge ‚ in his correspondence with Queen Victoria ‚to recover the losses in wars against
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CROSS-BORDER TERRORISM IN KASHMIR AND COUNTER TERRORISM STRATEGY Dr.ABHAYA KUMAR SINGH Reader Dept. of Defence & Strategic Studies K. S. Saket Post Graduate College‚ (Dr. R. M.L. Awadh University) AYODDHYA‚ FAIZABAD. Concept of Terrorism: Terrorism is an age old phenomenon but has acquired new dimensions in view of technological and societal changes. The nature‚ targets and rhetoric of terrorism have changed dramatically since the end of the cold war and the
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The Kashmir conflict (Hindi: कश्मीर विवाद‚ Urdu: کشمیر جھگڑا) is a current territorial dispute over the Kashmir region‚ the northwesternmost region of South Asia. The countries disputing are India‚ Pakistan‚ China‚ and the Kashmiri people. India claims the entire state of Jammu and Kashmir and as of 2010‚ administers approximately 43% of the region‚ including most of Jammu‚ the Kashmir Valley‚Ladakh‚ and the Siachen Glacier. India’s claim is contested by Pakistan‚ which controls approximately 37%
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Kashmir: Blessed yet Deprived. "Agar Firdaus Ba-Roohe Zameenast Hameenasto Hameenasto Hammenast..." (If there is heaven on earth‚ It is Here‚ it is here‚ it is here) The beauty of this land truly cannot be captured by photography nor expressed by poetry. One must visit Kashmir to feel the essence of the mesmerizing topography of this blessed region. The land of saffron fields‚ cherry blossoms‚ Maple Trees‚ peaceful lakes‚ Crystal clear streams flowing and stunning gardens. No praise seems enough
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INTRODUCTION: The Kashmir dispute is the oldest unresolved international conflict in the world today. Pakistan considers Kashmir as its core political dispute with India. So does the international community‚ except India. The exchange of fire between their forces across the Line of Control‚ which separates Azad Kashmir from Occupied Kashmir‚ is a routine affair. Now that both India and Pakistan have acquired nuclear weapons potential‚ the possibility of a third war between them over Kashmir‚ which may involve
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India‚ Pakistan agree to ceasefire after recent Kashmir fighting NEW DELHI -- India and Pakistan agreed on Wednesday to ease tensions in disputed Kashmir by strictly observing a decade-old cease-fire after five soldiers were killed in recent clashes‚ an Indian army spokesman said. The military commanders of the two armies spoke by telephone for 10 minutes and reached an understanding not to allow the situation to escalate further‚ spokesman Col. Jagdeep Dahiya said. Three Pakistani soldiers
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A Relationship of Relentless Hostility A Brief Introduction: Kashmir is bleeding. Ever since the partition of the Indian subcontinent by the British in 1947‚ India and Pakistan have been bitter rivals and the Kashmir conflict remains unresolved. During five decades‚ they have fought four wars. Three of those wars were over the disputed region of Kashmir (including the region of Jammu)‚ which is divided by the “Line of Control”. “In 1947-1948‚ almost immediately after Independence‚ they
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Topic: Kashmir Issue Outline: The Kashmir dispute is there from the independence of India and Pakistan and after various confrontations during wars the problem still persists where the United Nations and other super powers have been unable to resolve. The relations between India and Pakistan are solely dependent on the conflict of Kashmir and for this reason the bilateral relations between the two countries are minimal. The history of Kashmir depicts its majority of Muslims and
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Kashmir problem - Islamic Republic of Pakistan v/s Secular Republic of India Kashmir problem is with the world since 1947‚ the year of the partition of India. Indian part of the Kashmir is about 45 percent of the original Kingdom of the Jammu and Kashmir‚ about 35 percent is now in Pakistan‚ and China has occupied the other 20 percent in 1962. The UN and the U.S want both sides to keep on the discussions‚ but the important question is on what basis the discussion can take place. The unresolved
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