Discussion: Extraction and crystallization- The purpose of this lab was to extract and crystallize compounds in a mixture using acids and bases. 1 gram of the unknown was dissolved into 30 mL of ethyl acetate. The mixture was then transferred to a separatory funnel. Using aqueous solutions of different pH we were able to separate organic acids‚ bases and neutral compounds from each other. Using three 10 mL portions of HCl‚ we reacted the HCl with the base in solution. This made it possible to
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Extraction is a method used for separating and isolating materials. A compound is pulled from solvent A to solvent B and in this case‚ both solvents are miscible. These two concepts are not capable of mixing together; when they are mixed together‚ they form a bilayer. This can be seen when mixing oil and water together. When thinking of extractions‚ one can picture how coffee gets extracted. The flavors‚ molecules‚ caffeine‚ etc. are extracted from the coffee beans. In this experiment‚ a solution
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Lloyd Term 2‚ 2014 Lauric Acid Experiment Teacher: Mr Oliver Contents 1.0 Introduction Elements and the compounds can exist in distinctive physical states. Liquid‚ solid‚ gas and plasma. Every element and compound has a distinctive melting and boiling point. When a substance reaches its melting and boiling point it will change phase. For example the molecules in a solid being heated gain energy and eventually are able to not only vibrate but
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Acid-Base Titration and Volumetric Analysis The purpose of this experiment is to determine the [NaOH] of a solution by titrating it with standard HCl solution‚ to neutralize a known mass of an unknown acid using the NaOH solution as a standard‚ to determine the moles of NaOH required to neutralize the unknown acid‚ and to calculate the molecular mass of the unknown acid. Procedure: Part A: Standarized 0.10M HCl solution and unknown NaOH solution were poured into two beakers. The burets
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Acids‚ Bases‚ and Buffers Introduction: The pH scale is used to determine how acidic or basic a solution is‚ ranging from 1-14. The most acidic of all acids are at a pH level of 1 and the most basic of all bases are at 14. The neutral pH level is 7‚ which is what drinking water is. The pH level is determined by the amount of H+ ions present in a solution‚ and the more H+ ions there are the more acidic it is‚ and the lack of these ions results in more basic solutions. One distinguishing feature
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1.0 TITLE Extraction of Phenol and Flavanoid compound of the edible brown seaweed species (Eucheuma Cottonii). 2.0 INTRODUCTION 2.1 An overview of Seaweed Macro-algae or “seaweeds” are multicellular plants growing in salt or fresh water. They belong to the lower plants‚ meaning that they do not have roots‚ stems and leaves. Instead they are composed of a thallus (leaf-like) and sometimes a stem and a foot (holdfast). Some species have gas-filled structures to provide buoyancy. They are often
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SOLVENT EXTRACTION Solvent extraction‚ also known as liquid extraction and partitioning‚ is a method to separate compounds based on their relative solubility in two different immiscible liquid‚ usually water and organic solvent. It is an extraction from one liquid phase to another liquid phrase. Liquid extraction is a basic technique in chemical laboratories‚ where it is performed using a separator funnel. This type of process is commonly performed after a chemical reaction as part of the work-up
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Of a Sample Mixture By Liquid-Liquid Extraction Reading assignment: Techniques in Organic Chemistry 2nd ed pages 75-99. 3rd ed pages 113-140. Topics and Techniques i) identification of solvent layers of two immiscible solvents ii) partioning of a compound between two immiscible solvents and determination of KD iii) liquid-liquid extraction with aqueous acids and bases with organic solvents. iv) use of drying agents Introduction Liquid-liquid extraction is a method used for the separation of
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E5 & E6 Extraction of Chlorophyll from Fresh Spinach and Investigation of the Photochemistry of Chlorophyll Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b E5 - Extraction of Chlorophyll from Fresh Spinach E6 - Investigation of the Photochemistry of Chlorophyll The aim of this experiment is to investigate the photochemistry of chlorophyll. This experiment will be performed in two lab periods. In the first lab period you will extract chlorophyll‚ the green pigment in leaves‚ from spinach.
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extracting lipids or fats from foods‚ both the method as well as the solvents chosen to perform a complete‚ or close to complete extraction are important. If these two elements are not taken into consideration‚ the extraction may not be complete‚ or the extract may contain a large quantity of undesired impurities. The natural fats and oil are mixtures of glycerides of fatty acids. Fats and oils are naturally occurring organic compounds which belong to a large group of water insoluble substances called
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