ENLIGHTENED‚ ECLECTIC APPROACH IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING By: Christina I.T. Panggabean (Universitas PGRI Ronggolawe Tuban) Abstract English language teachers need to explore what works and what does not work in a certain ELT context‚ applying what Brown (2001) names an enlightened‚ eclectic approach or a principled approach. They are suggested to explore all language teaching approaches or methods since no single approach or method is best suited for all teaching contexts. This paper also shows
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Humanistic The humanistic approach studies the whole of an individual including their uniqueness. Psychologists look at a human’s behaviour not only through the eyes of the observer‚ but also through the eyes of the individual displaying the behaviour. Psychologists believe that an individual’s behaviour is connected to their feelings and self-concept. The humanistic theory focuses on reinforcement of stimulus-response behaviour. The hierarchy of needs is one of the best known theories of motivation
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in contrast to the popular cognitive psychology theories in that behaviorism is not focused on internal cognitive or affective processes or indirect measures of beliefs‚ attitudes or feelings. Whereas cognitive based approaches attempt to understand and explain the multifaceted causes and complexity of human behavior‚ behaviorism is based on the premise that behavior is a function of its environmental consequences or contingencies (also see Motivation‚ Contingency Theory). There are four primary
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The selected topic is ‘should students with learning difficulties be allowed to participate in the mainstream classrooms?’ This essay discusses two possible solutions for the issue and explicitly presents my personal statement and philosophy in regards to it. This topic is a controversial issue because it considers many conflicting advantages and disadvantages. The ethical principles involved in the topic include caring‚ respect and inclusivity which can be drawn from the Early Childhood Australia
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various attempts have been made to conceptualize the nature of methods and to explore more systematically the relationship between theory and practice within a method. In this chapter we will clarify the relationship behveen approach and method and present a model for the description‚ arialysis‚ and comparison of methods. Approach and method When linguists and language specialists sought to improve the quality of language teaching in the late nineteenth century‚ they often did so by referring to
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# What is the main differences between a sociological approach and a common sense approach? Sociology refers to the study on society and the world we live today‚ we may often see ourselves as a free agent‚ however‚ we are often influenced by the things surround us‚ such as the clothes we wear‚ the lifestyle we choose or the country we live. Sociologists try to understand human actions‚ social patterns and social structures; they are interested in what human actions are influenced by our interactions
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Learning approach for first year students in university The essay examines the comparison of surface approach and deep approach used in university students. As a fact‚ many first year students‚ regardless of majors‚ adopt surface approaches to learning. However‚ universities encourage students to accept a deep approach to learn rather than surface approach. Therefore‚ many first year students face a challenge to use which approach to achieve high academic grades. The essay presents the two opposite
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TEACHING ENGLISH Background The origins of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) are to be found in the changes in the British language teaching tradition dating late 1960s. Until then‚ situation of Language Teaching represented the major British approach to teaching English as foreign language. In situational language teaching‚ language was taught by practicing basic structure in meaningful situation-based activities. But just as the linguistics theory underlying audio-Lingualism was rejected in
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dominated by the biomedical approach. The basis on which these opinions are founded is that an individual is not responsible for their illness and that the mind and body work separately from each other. Health‚ in the eyes of this approach can be deemed as simply the absence of disease. Part of the reason this vision of health has dominated so much‚ is that it’s practiced by the majority of the health professionals and is the staple of the care received in hospitals. The aim of this assignment is to demonstrate
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basic human needs. According to the list each category to some extent is dependent upon the one prior to it and plays a great deal in how growth needs influence personality formation. This paper will describe biological factors that influence the formation of personality‚ examine the relationship of biological factors to Maslow’s theory of personality and explain the basic aspects of humanistic theory that are incompatible with biological explanations of personality. Abraham Maslow developed
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