classical approach‚ the birth of which is widely accredited to Fredrick Taylor‚ in particular how employees became bitter and angry with the levels of "managerial thuggery" (Rose 1988) that Taylor promoted. There already existed high levels of worker-management conflict‚ and Taylors approach merely heightened the tensions that it had set out to tackle. Taylors view‚ and later‚ Henri Fayol ’s view of how an organisation could be managed solely focused on the productivity of the worker and how efficiently
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Objectivist way of approach addresses further logical reasoning‚ compared to subjectivist sense of defining and identifying social problems claims that “issues become problems once society sees or decides they are harmful” (Lecture: “Defining Social Problems”). Objective method seeks a link between certain social problems‚ like in the lecture‚ it gives an example of health and obesity. Critics argue that people with obesity is harming condition as they cost society millions of dollars in health
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Sociological Approach Sociological critics believe that the relations of art to society are important. Art is not created in a vacuum. Language itself is a social product. A writer is a member of the society. And he takes his material from the society. A literary piece is not simply the work of a person. It is of an author fixed in time‚ space and his environment. Taine‚ the French man‚ said that literature is the consequence of the moment‚ the race‚ and the milieu. Edmund Wilson traces
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ALCAR approach: the Alcar Group Inc. a management education and software company‚ developed an approach to VBM which is based on discounted cash flow analysis Determinants of shareholder value: according to Alfred Rappaport author of creating share holder value; a guide to managers and investors‚ who is regarded as father of share holder value‚ the following seven factors called “value drivers” affect shareholder value 1. Rate of sales growth 2. Operating profit margin 3. Income tax rate 4. Investment
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hierarchy of needs‚ biological and humanistic approach. “The hierarchy of needs theory remains valid today for understanding human motivation‚ management training‚ and personal development” (Orana‚ 2009). Maslow’s book Personality and Motivation were published in 1954 introducing his theory of the hierarchy of needs. Abraham Maslow Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) the hierarchy of needs was introduced in his 1943 paper‚ “A Theory of Human Motivation”. This hierarchy (formerly known as Maslow’s triangle)
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Leadership Approach Paper – Organizations depend on the management and leadership skills of individuals in order to be successful. Leaders do not have to be managers but are equally important. Leaders are individuals who possess traits‚ behavior and abilities to influence others to accomplish tasks and other needed objectives for the company. Leadership is defined as “the ability of an individual to influence‚ motivate‚ and enable others to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the
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The Communicative Approach was founded by Robert Langs.. Psychoanalysis has turned reality on its head: We are taught to think of ourselves as distorters and misperceivers‚ unreliable slaves to our inner fantasies - especially when we are patients in therapy. But the communicative approach has shown that it is more accurate and compelling to see ourselves as highly reliable perceivers‚ with the understanding that our most valid perceptions are experienced unconsciously and encoded in the stories
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There are various characteristics and styles of leadership; the emphasis of the style approach is the focus on the actions and behavioral characteristics of the leader. There are two behaviors of the style approach that researchers have observed‚ task behaviors and relationship behaviors (Northouse‚ 2013). People who are in roles of leadership should acquire both behaviors to be successful in their position and maintain motivation and the quest for achievement in their subordinates. Task behaviors
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learning and teaching process successful. Each approach‚ method and technique can help educators to reach their goal‚ depending on what they want to make students accomplish. Therefore‚ Teachers must have clear what are the purposes they want to achieve‚ as well as‚ the aims of the lesson and activities they are going to do in the classroom. However‚ teachers think that it is not possible to teach foreign languages in just one single way‚ since every approach has limitations. As a result‚ a new method
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A feminist approach to Toni Morrison’s “Beloved” When hearing about Toni Morrison’s novel‚ “Beloved”‚ one may imagine it as being another story about a slave’s life. And this is not wrong. “Beloved” does tell the tales of many slaves. It tells of whippings‚ rape‚ hard work and escape. But‚ while drawing this image of the historical aspect of enslavement and black culture‚ Morrison also tells the personal story of a very strong female slave. Morrison’s novel focuses mainly on the female characters
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