reaction where the concentration of all the reactants and all the products remain constant over time. Equilibrium as used in chemical systems means that all the chemical forces in a reaction are in balance and that all physical properties of the system (color‚ density and concentration) of all chemicals species involved remains constant. The equilibrium state can be characterized by quantitatively defining its equilibrium constant‚ Keq. In this experiment the Keq for the reaction between iron (lll)
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Determination of the Rate Constant for a Chemical Reaction Department of Chemistry Abstract This experiment was performed to determine the rate constant k‚ for hydrolysis of tertiary butyl chloride to tertiary butanol. The solvent system for this reaction is 45% isopropyl alcohol and 55% water. The rate of hydrolysis of t-butyl chloride is measured by the decrease in the concentration of this reagent with time. The rate of decomposition of t-butyl chloride must be equal to the rate of formation
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Abstract In this experiment‚ the Ksp for calcium sulfate dihydrate‚ CaSO4·2H2O‚ by titrating 4 times a calcium sulfate dihydrate solution with diprotic EDTA‚ H2(EDTA)2-. For each trial we found the Ksp by means of molarities and activities. The results for the Ksp using only molarities was very different than the Ksp using activities. The average Ksp using molarity only was 2.26 x 10-4 and the average Ksp using activity turned out to be 2.31 x 10-5. The actual Ksp however‚ is 3.14 x 10-5. A percent
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molecules (or atoms) in a gas are separated by large distances and are in constant‚ random motion. When dealing with gases‚ the Ideal Gas Law equation is the most famous equation used to relate all the factors in dealing and solving the problem. The four factors or variables for gas are: pressure (P)‚ volume (V)‚ number of mole of gas (n)‚ and temperature (T)‚ and the constant in the equation is R‚ known as the gas constant. The Ideal Gas law equation which is pV=nRT is obtained by combining the
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Determination of the Solubility of Calcium Hydroxide Apparatus * Solid calcium hydroxide * 0.4 mol/dm hydrochloric acid * Distilled water * Pipette * Triple valve rubber pipette filler * Conical flask * Beaker * White tile * Clamp and stand * Methyl orange indicator Producing the calcium hydroxide solution 1. Roughly fill a beaker with 200cm³ of distilled water. This does not need to be accurate because samples will be taken from this. 2. Add solid calcium
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Spectrophotometric Determination of an Equilibrium Constant Introduction: In this experiment‚ you will study the reaction between aqueous iron (III) nitrate‚ Fe(NO3)3‚ and potassium thiocyanate‚ KSCN. They react to produce the blood-red complex [Fe(SCN)]2+. Fe3+ + SCN- ( [Fe(SCN)]2+ The equilibrium constant expression may be expressed as: K = [pic] You will prepare a series of standard solutions that contain known concentrations of [Fe(SCN)]2+ and will determine
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Spectrophotometric Determination of an Equilibrium Constant. Abstract: The report presents determination of equilibrium constant for the formation of a complex ion FeSCN2+. This was accomplished using a colorimeter to measure absorbance of some known concentration solutions in order to generate the calibration curve. The equation of the graph was used to compute the equilibrium concentrations of the reactants and products‚ needed to calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction
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INVESTIGATE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SOLUBILITY OF SALTS Research question How does temperature affect the dissolving time of various salts.? Hypothesis I predict that with water of high temperature the salts will dissolve quicker. Controlled Variable Amount of water (solvent) Amount of salt used (solute) Type of cups taken and their sizes Independent variable Temperature of water Dependent variable Time taken for each salt to dissolve Material Required Measuring
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* 1 To measure the molar solubility of a sparingly soluble salt in water. * 2 To prepare a calibration curve based on complex ion formation for absorbance enhancement. * 3 To calculate the solubility product constant (Ksp) of a sparingly soluble salt from its molar solubility. * 4 To confirm the common ion effect on the molar solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. Introduction In previous introductory chemistry courses‚ you learned some basic solubility rules that are useful in
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reactants and products are constant. In this experiment set up‚ the reaction between ethanoic acid and ethanol to produce ethyl ethanoate and water is a reversible reaction as shown by the following equation: CH₃COOH + CH₃CH₂OH↔CH₃COOCH₂CH₃ +H₂O The Equilibrium Law states that at equilibrium the ratio [CH₃COOCH₂CH₃][H₂O]/[CH₃COOH][CH₃CH₂OH] is constant at constant temperature. This ‚ Kc‚ is called the equilibrium constant for the reaction. AIM: To verify the Equilibrium Constant for an Esterification
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