2.3 The Theories of development There are many theories of child development and each one has influenced practice in schools. Skinner’s theory of ‘Operant Conditioning’ suggests that behaviour which is reinforced tends to be repeated. In schools we reinforce good behaviour by rewarding it (house points‚ merits‚ Headteacher awards etc) and we “punish” poor behaviour to discourage it (warnings‚ sitting out‚ missing Golden Time etc). Piaget’s theory of ‘Cognitive Development’ has helped shape the
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Developmental Stages: (Infant/Toddler/Ps/School age/Adolescent) Freud: Oral Stage - infant’s main concerns are with oral gratification • The child’s primary source of pleasure is sucking. She is currently breastfeeding and the mother has stated that the infant is able to be consoled by nursing or sucking thumb. Erikson: Trust versus Mistrust – the infant will develop a sense of trust only if the parent or caregiver is responsive and consistent with the basic needs being meet. • When the child is hungry
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3.5. Describe how to deal with disagreements between: ⍕the practitioner and children and young people ⍕the practitioner and other adults. Disagreements happen. Conflicts can have adverse effects on us all. As individual‚ whether at home‚ work or social setting us all have different opinions‚ values and concerns. Some conflicts are minor and others can become major. Usually conflicts are not resolved until we deal with them. One of the people involved in the conflict must decide to overcome the
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1.2 Describe with examples how different aspects of development can affect one another Physical If a child has a physical difficulty‚ disability or delay‚ this could cause them to withdraw socially; find difficulty socialising; suffer with depression‚ stress or anxiety; lead to behavioural difficulties; find difficulty in communicating‚ regarding both speech and body language; and can affect their educational development. A child with a physical disability can often experience stigma concerning
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Hayes and Wheelwright describe four stages of manufacturing competitiveness: Stage I- internally neutral Stage I companies consider their manufacturing organisation to be internally neutral‚ in that its role is simply to "make the stuff"‚ without any surprises. Such companies believe that their product designs are so unusual or their marketing organisation so powerful that if the product can simply be delivered to customers‚ as advertised‚ the company will be successful. The operations function
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What’s in a milestone/Does my child have an eating disorder" This article pertains to psychology because it intertwines with Piaget’s theories. When it talks about the child’s development of communication and how they find ways to communicate nonverbally that falls into the sensory stage. Children being able to use their senses helps them display exaggerated responses when attempting to get their message across. Emotional development manifests as a balance between confidence and seeking reassurance
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1.1 Describe the expected pattern of children and young people’s development from birth to 19 years‚ to include: * Physical development‚ communication development‚ intellectual development social‚ emotional and behavioural development. 0-3 months from birth a baby’s physical and progress development will improve than any other age. They will have many different movements but this will be very limited‚ these include grasping (wrapping fingers around things they touch) rooting (will help them
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Guidelines For The Theory Of Child Development Paper There are many theories of child development because we have been studying the field for so many years. Each theory has their different factors; biology‚ sociology‚ genetics‚ environment‚ relationships are just a few of them. “Thank you for making me so wonderful and complex”! (Psalms139:14). When one theory is formulated and used for awhile someone else may come behind that particular theorist and add some new points to expand the
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Choosing a child to interact with is a complicated process; however I have decided that my niece‚ Paige‚ with whom I spend a comfortable amount of time is a great candidate for this assignment. She is at ease in my presence and I can accurately assess her developmental level without too much bias. At two years old‚ Paige is in Piaget’s preoperational stage of development‚ which is characterized by the ability to use symbols and language to “represent objects in the environment.” Piaget’s four stages of cognitive
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outlined eight stages of development that identified the important periods of development that occurred throughout a lifespan. Each stage identifies the significance of personality growth that occurs and underlines the specific developmental crisis that needs to be resolved in each stage. The first stage is trust vs. mistrust‚ which occurs during the first year of existence. The sense of trust of an infant is formed by the quality of the caregiver. The caregiver plays a major role in this stage since a
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