A personal take on the debate between rationalism and empiricism. The study of knowledge‚ or epistemology‚ contains theoretical methods by which information is learned. Of these methods‚ two are most widely accepted. These two methods‚ rationalism and empiricism‚ are also the most widely debated methods of knowledge acquisition. Rationalism claims that knowledge is gained by a priori processes and intuition. Rationalism claims that knowledge is innate; however the level of innate knowledge contained
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saw a continuation of the move away from theology and faith-based arguments‚ and marks the shaking off of medieval approaches to philosophy such as Scholasticism‚ in preference for more unified philosophical systems like Rationalism and British Empiricism. The advances in science‚ the growth of religious tolerance and the rise of philosophical liberalism also led to a revival in Political Philosophy in general. Along with the Age of Enlightenment of the 18th Century‚ which the Age of Reason gave
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Fall 2014 November 17th‚ 2014 “The Empiricists: the importance of experience in the works of John Locke‚ George Berkeley‚ and David Hume” Empiricism‚ or the belief that knowledge is achieved through the senses‚ was a popular belief amongst some of the greatest modern philosophers. Perhaps the most prominent Empiricists were John Locke‚ George Berkeley and David Hume‚ all of whom are regarded as some of the most influential philosophers of the last 500 years. Each of those philosophers can be
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part of 20th century witness a renewed question of empiricism in philosophy of religion. The question is concerned with what patterns a religious reasoning and religious language should take in determining the existence of God‚ the belief in God‚ the reality of a good God and the existence of evil. The approach is championed by logical positivism based on verification principles of ascertain meaning only by sense experience. The Modern Empiricism as discussed in this paper covers the period of tale
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Hume’s version of empiricism begins with his distinction between analytic propositions “relationship of ideas‚” which he considers to be a priori and true by definition‚ and synthetic propositions‚ which he considers to be a posteriori (“matters of fact”)‚ and which are opposite of analytic propositions because they’re derived from our senses. Synthetic propositions can pose a problem since they can be untrue. An example is the sun. We can say that it will rise tomorrow—which is likely to happen
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Andrea D. Lopez SMC 1311 May 8‚ 2013 Final Exam 1) What is justice according to Plato? How does Plato’s theory of the soul reflect his understanding of justice? Plato was a famous philosopher and a mathematician who lived from 429 to 374 B.C. Plato was the founder of The Academy of Athens and with the knowledge he gained from his professor‚ Socrates‚ he continued to spread his teachings to the youth. In the book‚ Republic‚ Plato defines justice as harmony with one self. If a person is content
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HYPERLINK "http://www.philosophypages.com/ph/kant.htm" Immanuel Kant answers the question in the first sentence of the essay: “Enlightenment is man’s emergence from his self-incurred immaturity.” He argues that the immaturity is self-inflicted not from a lack of understanding‚ but from the lack of courage to use one’s reason‚ intellect‚ and wisdom without the guidance of another. He exclaims that the motto of enlightenment is “Sapere aude”! – Dare to be wise! The German word Unmündigkeit means not
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Descartes (2) Leibniz (3) Spinoza 3) Empiricists a) Ancient (1) Aristotle b) Medieval (1) St. Thomas Aquinas c) Modern (1) Locke (2) Berkeley (3) Hume 4) Kant and post-Kantian thinkers (Modern) a) Immanuel Kant b) Hegel 5) Pragmatism (contemporary-20th Century) a) Pierce b) James c) Dewey Skepticism- method of achieving certainty Empiricism- that is‚ there is nothing in the intellect that was not first in the senses. Rationalism- holds that the intellect contains important truths that
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David Hume would be considered a major philosopher in the formation of what we call psychology. David Hume believed everything that took place came about due to a cause. David Hume also believed that although there was a cause for just about everything‚ many humans were not aware of those causes. David Hume believed that an individual should not expect for an act to take place just because it had taken place previously. Lastly David Hume thought that those who believed
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The Philosophical Roots of Science Fiction Expand People use science fiction to illustrate philosophy all the time. From ethical quandaries to the very nature of existence‚ science fiction’s most famous texts are tailor-made for exploring philosophical ideas. In fact‚ many college campuses now offer courses in the philosophy of science fiction. But science fiction doesn’t just illuminate philosophy — in fact‚ the genre grew out of philosophy‚ and the earliest works of science fiction were philosophical
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