Computer Generations 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 Components of a Computer Hardware vs Software System vs Applications Software Bits and Bytes Input and Output Devices RAM/ROM 1.10 Secondary Storage Devices 1.11 Summary 1.12 Answers to SAQs 1.1 INTRODUCTION This unit aims at introducing you to today’s most commonly used electronic device – the computer. The study of this unit will highlight the characteristics and evolution of computers. It will also help you to understand the basic terminology
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UNIT-I INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER The term “Computer” is derived from the Latin word “Computare” which means “to compute” or “to calculate”‚ so it is considered to be calculating device. In fact‚ the main objective of inventing the computer was to create a fast calculating machine. But now-a-days more than 75% of non-mathematical or non-numerical work is carried out by the computers. Today‚ computer technology has spread to every sphere of existence of modern man‚ from railway
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polymath. He made major contributions to a number of fields‚ including mathematics‚ physics‚ economics‚ computing and statistics. The basic concept behind the von Neumann architecture is the ability to store program instructions in memory along with the data on which those instructions operate. The von Neumann machine was developed by John Von Neumann and others in the 1940s that allow for input‚ output‚ processing and memory. Until von Neumann proposed this possibility‚ each computing machine was designed
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An operating system is a set of software programs‚ which manage computer hardware in a controlled fashion. The operating system controls the file-system‚ process management‚ memory management and peripherals. Multi-user operating systems are used on large mainframe computers. A mainframe computer system has one very powerful processing unit‚ which may contain many microprocessors. Many users will all share this processing unit. They use terminals (a keyboard and a monitor) to access the mainframe
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The hard disk is the main storage device in your computer. It is a bit like a filing cabinet: all of your data files and applications software are stored on it. The hard disk contains a number of metal platters which have been coated with a special magnetic material. The data is stored in this magnetic material. Thus‚ the hard disk is known as a magnetic storage device. In order to access the data‚ the platters spin many thousands of times a second and a magnetic read and write head floats just
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Hard Drive: The main storage device of a computer where all data is saved. Hard drives are non-volatile which allows the data to be saved even when the computer is shut down. “Although most hard drives are internal hard drives‚ many users also use external hard drives to backup data on their computer and expand the total amount of space available to them”( "What Is Hard Drive?" Computer Hope. Web. 14 Sept. 2014.) The first Hard Drive was released by IBM in 1956. Random Access Memory (RAM): Another
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Contents II. Introduction 2 III. Computers 2 A. CPU 2 B. Memory storage 3 1. Primary storage 3 2. Secondary storage 4 C. Peripherals 8 1. Ink-jets (bubble-jets) printers 8 2. Laserjet printers 9 IV. Connecting To Internet 10 V. Conclusion 12 VI. Reference List 13 * Introduction Nowadays‚ running business in 20th century means that you got to be clever about technology. When companies are striving for higher achievements and more-efficient workability‚ innovation is what
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computer? • An electronic device • Operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit • Can accept data (input) • Process data arithmetically and logically • Produce results (output) • Store the results for future use Computer system – a collection of devices that function together to process data 2. What does a computer do? Input • Data given to a computer during the input operation • Data – raw facts – numbers‚ words‚
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Multiple Choice (20 pts) 1) Which of the following is still the most common method for data entry? A) Microphone B) Keyboard C) Scanner D) Stylus 2) Which of the following keys is an example of a modifier key? A) Esc B) Home C) Up arrow D) Ctrl 3) Which of the following keys or key combinations is typically used to display on-screen help? A) F1 B) Esc C) Enter D) Ctrl + H 4) A keyboard is an input device that uses ________ and circuits to translate keystrokes into signals computers understand
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program architecture with no differentiation between data and instruction memory. Both the data and instruction reside on a single chip. The concept of no differentiation between data and instruction memory is accurate‚ but existing on one chip has nothing to do with it. Most computer memories in modern times require multiple chips. At the time Von Neumann did his work integrated circuit chips had not yet been invented‚ let alone used for storage - that came later in the 1970s. Furthermore‚ Von
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