Chapter 4 CLO 1.A branch of chemistry dealing with compounds of Carbon. 2.Carbon’s has 4 valence electrons that can form covalent bonds with others atoms (Hydrogen‚ Nitrogen‚ Oxygen and Carbon atoms mostly) to make large‚ complex and diverse organic molecules. 3.The carbon skeleton vary in 4 areas‚ 1. Length 2. Branching 3. Double Bond Position 4. Presence of Rings. Carbon skeletons can have double bonds in different locations and also different numbers of double bonds. 4.Hydrocarbons
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HOMEOSTASIS BIOLOGY I BIO091 Prepared by: Nur Syakireen Bt. Ishak SCOPE •Definition and importance of homeostasis •Homeostatic organ •Negative and positive feedback mechanisms •Blood-glucose regulation •Thermoregulation •Osmoregulation DEFINITON & IMPORTANCE OF HOMEOSTASIS Homeostasis • Homeostasis: • is the steady state of physiological condition of the body. • it is the physiological processes by which organisms maintain a constant & balanced internal environment. • In achieving
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Reunification and Renaissance in Chinese Civilization: The Era of the Tang and Song Dynasties Chapter Thesis I. Rebuilding the Imperial Edifice in the Sui-Tang Era Sui Excesses and Collapse The Emergence of the Tang and the Restoration of the Empire Rebuilding the World’s Largest and Most Pervasive Bureaucracy Institutionalizing Meritocracy: The Growing Importance of the Examination System State and Religion in the Tang and Song Eras The Anti-Buddhist Backlash II. Tang Decline and the
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Biology- Maintaining a Balance Summary 1. Most organisms are active in a limited temperature range 1. identify the role of enzymes in metabolism‚ describe their chemical composition and use a simple model to describe their specificity on substrates Enzymes are proteins which act as catalysts in living things (they lower the amount of energy needed for a reaction‚ therefore increasing rate of reaction). Enzymes speed up reactions but are not used up by them. Enzymes catalyze only one
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Biology – Preliminary – Evolution of Australian Biota 1. Evidence for the rearrangement of crustal plates and continental drift indicates that Australia was once part of an ancient super continent identify and describe evidence that supports the assertion that Australia was once part of a landmass called Gondwana‚ including: ▪ − matching continental margins ▪ − position of mid-ocean ridges ▪ − spreading zones between continental plates ▪ − fossils in common on Gondwanan continents
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Chapter 3 3.1 Identify the functional groups in each of the following molecules: O C NH2 H N O C OH H C CH2 (a) (b) O (c) Solutions: a. b. c. d. Amide‚ double bond Amine‚ carboxylic acid Double bond‚ ketone‚ ester O OCH3 (d) CH2OH Aromatic ring‚ double bond‚ alcohol (a) Alcohol (d) Amine (b) Aromatic ring (e) both ketone and amine (c) Carboxylic acid (f) two double bonds 3.2 Propose structures for simple molecules that contain the following functional groups:
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Societies that were present by 15th century – hunters and gatherers‚ villages of agricultural peoples‚ newly emerging chiefdoms or small sates‚ nomadic/pastoral communities‚ established civilizations and empires. Paleolithic Persistence: Australia and North America Paleolithic=Old Stone Age peoples Australia‚ Siberia‚ the arctic coastlands‚ parts of Africa‚ and the Americas were all Paleolithic peoples Australia had 250 or so separated groups in it Despite the absence of agriculture‚ Australia’s
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1 Renaissance on the Italian Peninsula Constantinople had been captured by Turks in 1453‚ which cut trade routes to East. Greek scholars fled to Italy with their classical knowledge and materials. ("end" of Middle Ages‚ "beginning" of Renaissance) 2 1st country to break with the Church England (Henry VIII broke from the Catholic Church to divorce and remarry) 3 # of City States in Italy 12 4 The 3 Humanist Principles individual worth (improving humans through study) strong commitment
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Biochemistry Essential Elements of Life Carbon‚ hydrogen‚ oxygen‚ nitrogen (96%) Calcium‚ phosphorus‚ potassium‚ sulphur (4%) Isotopes Atoms of an element that differ in neutrons Radioactive isotopes decay spontaneously‚ giving off energy Cohesion Hydrogen bonds hold water molecules together Adhesion is an attraction between two substances Surface tension measures how hard it is to break the surface tension of a liquid Hydrocarbons Organic molecules consisting of only carbon
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Ch 1: Introducing Government in America * Many young ppl apathetic about politics‚ less involved than elderly * Need to be involved for political tolerance‚ identify what policies they benefit from * Politics compete with TV and the internet Government * Government: institutions + processes through which public policies are made for a society (Congress‚ president‚ the courts‚ federal administrative agencies) * 500‚000 elected officials in US * How should we govern
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