Isolation and Analysis of Essential Oils using Gas Chromatography Lyndon Justin T. Guzman Institute of Chemistry‚ University of the Philippines‚ Diliman‚ Quezon City Date Performed: February 2; February 4‚ 2011 Date Submitted: February 18‚ 2011 Abstract The purpose of this experiment is to isolate the essential oil from eucalyptus leaves as a pure compound; moreover‚ the components of the essential oil‚ camphor and limonene‚ will be then separated using gas chromatography technique‚ identify the
Premium Gas chromatography Chromatography Distillation
Preparation u Alcohols when heated in presence of H2SO4‚ H3PO4‚ P2O5‚ Al2O3 or BF3 undergo loss of water molecule with the formation of alkene. Conc. H2SO4 180oC H3PO4/P2O5 200oC Al2O3/BF3 350oC CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O CH3-CH2-CH2-OH CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O u u Mechanism: In the first step OH group of the alcohol is protonated in a fast reversible reaction. Unlike OH group‚ protonated OH group is a good leaving group. Step 1: CH3 CH3-C-CH3 + H+ HO CH3 CH3-C-CH3 H2O+
Premium Alcohol Alkene
Gas chromatography is the common method used for the biogasoline analysis. Biogasoline catalytic cracking process requires detailed qualitative and quantitative analysis of the hydrocarbon composition of its oil and fraction. In this analysis‚ their fractional composition‚ saturated vapor pressure‚ density and antiknock rating will be investigated. By knowing the qualitative and quantitative composition of the gasolines‚ the content of n-paraffin‚ isoparaffin‚ aromatic‚ naphthene‚ and olefin (PIANO)
Premium Chromatography Gas chromatography Vapor pressure
5.05 Mixtures and solutions Lab report Ink Chromatography Chromatography is also used to compare and describe chemical substances. The chromatographic sequence of sorbed substances is related to their atomic and molecular structures. A change in a chemical substance produced by a chemical or biological reaction often alters the solubility and migration rate. With this knowledge‚ alterations or changes can be detected in the substance. Chromatography serves mainly as a tool for the examination and
Premium Mixture Chemical substance Molecule
morphine‚ heroin)‚ PCP (phencyclidine)‚ and Marijuana. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry is used to test hair and urine samples of possible drug abusers or job applicants‚ and it is the best method for the testing of drug use. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry are two different methods for identifying chemical substances‚ and the two instruments have be coupled together to perform a highly complementary analytical function. The gas chromatograph and the mass spectrometer have theories behind
Premium Chromatography Mass spectrometry Gas chromatography
Analysis of a Chemical Mixture Using the Ideal Gas Law The objective of this experiment was to determine the composition of the NaNO2 mixture in the net ionic reaction of NO2-(aq) + HSO3NH2(aq) → HSO4-(aq) + H2O(l) + N2(g) in unknown mixture number nine. It was known that NO2-(aq) and HSO3NH2(aq) were in a stoichiometric 1:1 molar ratio. In trial one the percent mass of NaNO2 in the unknown mixture was 59.30%. In trial two‚ the percent mass of NaNO2 was 63.47%. Lastly in trial three
Premium Pressure Gas Ideal gas law
Chromatography: How can we separate a mixture? Purpose The chromatography lab is to understand how molecules with similar molecular properties can be separated with paper chromatography. These differences will be interpreted to see the distinction of separate chemical substances. Pre Lab Questions 1. Explain capillary action as it pertains to water and paper. Capillary action makes water draw up the paper. As paper absorbs water mixes with the solutions in the paper. 2. What is the
Premium Thin layer chromatography Chromatography
Chromatography (Greek for ‘colour writing’) is used to describe various methods applied to separate mixtures (referred to as the sample of the experiment) with great accuracy to analyze them. By using chromatography we can manipulate these to move at different speeds through the system‚ thus separating them. Chromatography is necessary in chemical industries‚ as well as bio processing companies. Chromatography can be: 1. analytical: used to measure ratios of analytes(substance in simpler forms)
Premium Chromatography High performance liquid chromatography
COLUMN AND THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY Maria Janine B. Abarientos‚ Kuia B. Allarde‚ Aliana Keshia P. Andino Mary Viadelle E. Andrada and Nina Marian Robelea G. Ang Group 1 2C Pharmacy Organic Chemistry Laboratory ABSTRACT In this experiment‚ the techniques column and thin layer chromatography was used to separate and determine the purity of the colored components of siling labuyo and malunggay leaves. The results obtained relied on differential solubilities and adsorptivities of the components to
Premium Chromatography Thin layer chromatography
Column and Thin layer Chromatography of Red Siling Labuyo Marian Angelu Ramos‚ Rose Ann Refuela‚ Leomarie Duanne Sanchez‚ Paula Lynne Santos‚ Geraline Sarmiento‚ Jon Carlo Semana Group number Seven‚ 2E- Pharmacy‚ Faculty of Pharmacy‚ University of Santo Tomas ABSTRACT Chromatography is the separation of mixtures into their constituents. It relies on the differential solubilities or absorptivities of the components to be separated with respect to two phases‚ one of which is stationary and the
Free Chromatography Thin layer chromatography