are distinguished in English: nouns‚ determiners‚ pronouns‚ verbs‚ adjectives‚ adverbs‚ prepositions‚ and conjunctions. (Determiners‚ traditionally classified along with adjectives‚ have not always been regarded as a separate part of speech.) Interjections are another word class‚ but these are not described here as they do not form part of the clause and sentence structure of the language.[1] Nouns‚ verbs‚ adjectives‚ and adverbs form open classes – word classes that readily accept new members‚ such
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is a word that expresses action‚ link the subject to predicate‚ or helps the main verb make sense in a sentence. An adjective (ADJ) - An adjective is a word that modifies a verb‚ an adjective‚ or another adverb. Adverbs answer which one‚ what kind‚ how many‚ or how many. An adverb (ADV) - An adverb is a word that modifies a verb‚ an adjective‚ or another adverb. Adverbs answer to where‚ when‚ how‚ or to what extent. A preposition (PREP and OP) - A preposition is a word that shows the
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but beyond these there are significant variations in different languages. For example‚ Japanese has as many as three classes of adjectives where English has on; Chinese‚ Korean and Japanese have nominal classifiers whereas European languages do not; many languages do not have a distinction between adjectives and adverbs‚ adjectives and verbs (see stative verbs) or adjectives and nouns‚ etc. This variation in the number of categories and their identifying properties entails that analysis is done for
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the best physical‚ (ADJECTIVE) intellectual (ADJECTIVE) and emotional (ADJECTIVE) capacity to fulfill this duty towards the nation and to one’s own self. However‚ this simple rule of nature has been crippled by the ever growing menace of child labour. If one conceives the idea of child labour‚ it brings before the eyes the picture of exploitation of little‚ physically (adverb) tender‚ illiterate and under nourished children working in hazardous (ADJECTIVE) and unhealthy (ADJECTIVE) conditions. Child
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developments in computer technology have given rise to many new nouns: Internet‚ website‚ URL‚ CD-ROM‚ email‚ newsgroup‚ bitmap‚ modem‚ multimedia New verbs have also been introduced: download‚ upload‚ reboot‚ right-click‚ double-click The adjective and adverb classes can also be expanded by the addition of new words‚ though less prolifically. On the other hand‚ we never invent new prepositions‚ determiners‚ or conjunctions. These classes include words like of‚ the‚ and but. They are called CLOSED
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determine to which word-class the words in the examples in section 1 c. belong. those‚ weak‚ to speak‚ with (demonstrative pronoun‚ adjective‚ lexical verb‚ preposition She made a sign pers. pronoun lex ind. art. noun She signed a lettre pers. pronoun lex. ind. art. noun this is a hard sign dem. pronoun lex. ind. art. noun they worked hard pers. pronoun lex. adverb 9because it says something about work) Snow white had an evil stepmother noun lex. indef. art. adj. noun They discussed the evils
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ELEMENTS OF GRAMMAR · Subjects and predicates Large doses of alcohol act as a depressant. doses - A simple subject is the single noun or pronoun which identifies what the sentence is about or produces the action of the sentence act - The simple predicate is the main sentence verb · Types of nouns A noun identifies a person‚ place‚ thing‚ or idea. Nouns are introduced with definite or indefinite articles‚ or with a limiting word (like a number‚ a demonstrative pronoun‚ or a relative pronoun)
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Prepositional phrases modify adjectives or adverbs and are called either adjective phrases or adverb phrases. Adjective phrase is a prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun by telling what kind or which one. Examples: For Tom‚ fame is the only reason for writing. (What kind of reason?) The lamp on Tom’s desk was a Christmas gift. (Which lamp?) COMMON TYPES OF PHRASES Adverb phrase is a prepositional phrase that modifies a verb‚ an adjective‚ or adverb by pointing out where‚ when‚
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GERUND A traditional grammatical term for a verbal that ends in -ing and functions as a noun. Adjective: gerundial. A gerund (also known as an -ing form) with its objects‚complements‚ and modifiers is called a gerund phrase‚ or simply anoun phrase. EX. Feeling gratitude and not expressing it is like wrapping a present and not giving it." PARTICIPLE A verbal that functions as an adjective. Adjective: participial. Present participles end in -ing (carrying‚ sharing‚ tapping). Past participles of regular
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sentence) without both subject and verb. For example‚ He is laughing at the joker. A phrase functions as a noun‚ verb‚ adverb‚ adjective or preposition in a sentence. The function of a phrase depends on its construction (words it contains). On the basis of their functions and constructions‚ phrases are divided into various types i.e. noun phrase‚ verb phrase‚ adverb phrase‚ adjective phrase‚ appositive phrase‚ infinite phrase‚ participle phrase and gerund phrase. 1-Noun Phrase A noun phrase consists
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