sensors
IEEE Report on Advanced Sensors
EC Department, GTU
Gaurav Maniar, Karan Raithatha gaurav019@facebook.com karan.raithatha@gmail.com
DIET, INDIA
Abstract – This report explains different commonly used six advanced autonomous sensors. It also describes their working, application and uses.
I. INTRODUCTION Simple stand alone electronic circuits can be made to repeatedly flash a light or play a musical note, but in order for an electronic circuit or system to perform any useful task or function it needs to be able to communicate with the "real world" whether this is by reading an input signal from an "ON/OFF" switch or by activating some form of output device to illuminate a single light and to do this we use Transducers. Transducers can be used to sense a wide range of different energy forms such as movement, electrical signals, radiant energy, thermal or magnetic energy etc, and there are many different types of both analogue and digital input and output devices available to choose from. The type of input or output transducer being used, really depends upon the type of signal or process being "Sensed" or "Controlled" but we can define a transducer as a device that converts one physical quantity into another. Devices which perform an input function are commonly called Sensors because they "sense" a physical change in some characteristic that changes in response to some excitation, for example heat or force and covert that into an electrical signal. Devices which perform an output function are generally called Actuators and are used to control some external device, for example movement. Both sensors and actuators are collectively known as Transducers because they are used to convert energy of one kind into energy of another kind, for example, a microphone (input device) converts sound waves into electrical signals for the amplifier to amplify, and a loudspeaker (output device) converts the electrical signals back into sound waves and an example
EC Department, GTU
Gaurav Maniar, Karan Raithatha gaurav019@facebook.com karan.raithatha@gmail.com
DIET, INDIA
Abstract – This report explains different commonly used six advanced autonomous sensors. It also describes their working, application and uses.
I. INTRODUCTION Simple stand alone electronic circuits can be made to repeatedly flash a light or play a musical note, but in order for an electronic circuit or system to perform any useful task or function it needs to be able to communicate with the "real world" whether this is by reading an input signal from an "ON/OFF" switch or by activating some form of output device to illuminate a single light and to do this we use Transducers. Transducers can be used to sense a wide range of different energy forms such as movement, electrical signals, radiant energy, thermal or magnetic energy etc, and there are many different types of both analogue and digital input and output devices available to choose from. The type of input or output transducer being used, really depends upon the type of signal or process being "Sensed" or "Controlled" but we can define a transducer as a device that converts one physical quantity into another. Devices which perform an input function are commonly called Sensors because they "sense" a physical change in some characteristic that changes in response to some excitation, for example heat or force and covert that into an electrical signal. Devices which perform an output function are generally called Actuators and are used to control some external device, for example movement. Both sensors and actuators are collectively known as Transducers because they are used to convert energy of one kind into energy of another kind, for example, a microphone (input device) converts sound waves into electrical signals for the amplifier to amplify, and a loudspeaker (output device) converts the electrical signals back into sound waves and an example
References: [1] http://www.wikipedia.org [2] http://www.advancedsensors.co.uk [3] http://www.sensors-research.com [4] http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=610263 [5] Jeffrey Cole & Steven Dubowsky, The Application of Advanced Robotics and Sensor Technologies.