Preview

sauu

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
782 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
sauu
Gabriel Jul.yhs
Ms. Saunders. Polycythemia Minor
Polycythemia is a disease that results in an increased level of red blood cells in the bloodstream. People with polycythemia have an increase in hematocrit, hemoglobin, or red blood cell count is more than the normal limits. Polycythemia is also known as polycythaemia or polyglobulia. Polycythemia is a disease where in which the proportion of blood volume that is occupied by red blood cells increases. Blood volume proportions can be measured as hematocrit level. It can be because of an increase in the number of red blood cells. Polycythemia is sometimes called erythrocytosis because polycythemia refers to an increase in red blood cells, whereas erythrocytosis only refers to an increase of red cell mass. Polycythemia can be divided into two parts primary and secondary. Primary polycythemia is due to factors of red cell precursors. Polycythemia Vera or erythremia occurs when a lot of red blood cells are produced as a result of a problem of the bone marrow. White blood cells and platelets are also produced by polycythemia. Secondary polycythemia is caused by natural increases in the production of erythropoietin, and because of this there is an increase production of erythrocytes. In secondary polycythemia, there may be 6 to 8 million and sometimes 9 million erythrocytes per cubic millimeter of blood. Secondary polycythemia resolves when the underlying cause is treated. In Secondary polycythemia when production of erythropoietin increases it is called physiologic polycythemia. In the book Polycythemia New Insights for the Healthcare Professional Scholarly Paper it shows the Conditions which result in a physiologically appropriate polycythemia Altitude related - This physiologic polycythemia is a normal action to living. Many athletes train at high altitude to take advantage of this effect on blood doping. People believe athletes with primary polycythemia may have a

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    In cycling, due to the posture of the athlete, increased arterial pressures in the lower limbs may cause both a pressure and volume overload on the heart (O’Toole and Douglas, 1995). Intensive training and long endurance events are accompanied by some muscle damage, due to decreases in myoglobin and build up of lactic acid in the tissue (Armstrong, 1986). The VO2 max (aerobic capacity) is important in the transfer of energy. This requires an integration of the respiratory, cardiovascular and neuromuscular systems. Mahler et al (1982) reported that the respiratory system is not a limiting factor in marathon runners, finding no difference between their respiratory function and that of their sedentary controls. Therefore only the cardiovascular and the neuromuscular systems adapt to endurance training.…

    • 3735 Words
    • 107 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Cms 441 Week 1

    • 4767 Words
    • 20 Pages

    • Polyagglutination: This is the spontaneous agglutination of red cells by most normal adult sera. It can occur owing to exposure of a hidden erythrocyte antigen called “T antigen” due to bacterial or viral contamination. Few characteristics of this reaction…

    • 4767 Words
    • 20 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    R.S. is in a partially compensated respiratory acidosis with moderate hypoxemia and mild polycythemia. The pH is acidic which means if there is any compensation present then it is not complete. Polycythemia is a consequence of chronic hypoxemia. It is the body’s attempt to adjust to decreased amounts of blood oxygen by increasing the production…

    • 465 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    When the kidneys detect the body in a hypoxic state (chronic decrease in O2) they will release erythropoietin (EPO) to stimulate RBC production. This will lead to an overall increase in hematocrit levels.…

    • 1838 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Case Study

    • 569 Words
    • 3 Pages

    5. There are several different types of anemia. Harold is suffering from Vitamin deficiency anemia. Beginning with the peripheral blood smear we can describe the key pieces of evidence used to draw this conclusion. Harold’s blood smear we can see an increase area of pale appearance and also the irregular shape in RBC’s. The symptoms Harold was having are associated with Vitamin deficiency anemia. For example, extreme fatigue, headaches, shortness of breath, fast heartbeat (tachycardia) and difficulty sleeping are all symptoms Harold was having and also are symptoms of…

    • 569 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Blood doping is the first type of ergogenic aid that an endurance athlete such as a marathon runner may use. Blood doping is re-injecting red blood cells into the bloodstream that have previously been removed from the athlete. Whilst the blood was removed the body created more blood in order to compensate for the loss. This means that when the blood is returned there are a lot more red blood cells in the circulatory system. The effect of blood doping is that due to the increased number of red blood cells, more oxygen can be carried by haemoglobin to the working muscles. The benefits of bloody doping are that aerobic capacity is increased and fatigue is delayed making the endurance athlete able to sustain a high level of performance throughout their event/race. The risks of blood doping are that: blood viscosity is increased leading to a lower heart rate and clotting causing heart failures and strokes; due to transfusion practises, HIV and other diseases could also be a risk; also, dehydration causes a decrease in plasma volume which consequently increases blood viscosity leading to the previously mentioned problems. The final risk/drawback is that blood doping is banned. This means that if an athlete were to be found using the process they would loose their title and right to compete facing disqualification.…

    • 646 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Anemia Case Study Essay

    • 393 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Anemia is a disease state that is characterized by a reduction of hemoglobin (Hb) or volume of red blood cells (RBC’s). The reduction in Hb or RBC’s leads to diminished oxygen carrying ability of the blood. Many forms of anemia exist – the anemias discussed will be relevant to our patient, JJ, based on her signs/symptoms and past medical history (PMH). Anemia can be classified based on the appearance or size of the RBC. The size of the RBC can be determined by either calculating the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of the RBC based on hematocrit and…

    • 393 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Blood Pressure Lab

    • 1570 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Athletes have a blood pressure of 123.7/80.2 torr, while non athletes have a blood pressure of 111.2/70.2 torr. This obviously relates to blood pressure which is the amount of force that blood pushes against the inside walls of blood vessels as it passes through and is initially produced by the contracting heart and is necessary to push blood along to all organs in the body. The fall in BP from 100 torr in the arterial system to 2 torr in the venous system is mainly explained by resistance to blood flow. The blood, after leaving the heart, passes into vessels of smaller and smaller diameter. This slows the flow. Also, there is the friction on the blood by the blood vessel walls. Both of these forces, are called peripheral resistance. Peripheral resistance can be increased if arteriole diameters are reduced as by the formation of fatty deposits on the walls of the blood vessel. Blood trying to squeeze through such a small diameter pushes harder against the walls of the blood vessel, increasing the BP. This can lead to high blood pressure, called hypertension. Risk factors for this condition are heredity, a diet high in fats, smoking, and lack of…

    • 1570 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    Safdfasdfadsfadsfa

    • 2069 Words
    • 9 Pages

    2. Which of the following explain why Alexander failed to carry the empire as far as the Gangzes River? Because his troops mutinied.…

    • 2069 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    sauhs

    • 1165 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Analyze: explain/analyze how this particular example and its supporting quote supports your thesis. This is the most important portion of the paragraph and should therefore be the most lengthy—at least 3 to five sentences!…

    • 1165 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Hyponatremia is even more susceptible to happen to athletes. When we are under physical stress, to which athletes experience during games, our hypothalamus produces antidiuretic hormone secreted into our blood stream by our pituitary gland sending messages to our kidneys to hold the secretion of water. The conserved water plus the excessive amount we drink during that time will lead to exercise-associated hyponatremia or also known as EAH (Joseph Verbalis, Georgetown University Medical Center Chaiman of Medicine).…

    • 560 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Tell Me About Blood

    • 454 Words
    • 2 Pages

    3. Erythropoiesis is the process of red blood cell formation or production which begins in the red bone marrow as a proerythroblast. It then divides several times until it reaches the end of development, ejects the nucleus, and becomes a reticulocyte. These develop into erythrocytes within one or two days after release from the bone marrow. Erythropoiesis slows down when there is a decrease in oxygen carrying capacity of blood. It speeds up when the oxygen delivery to the kidneys and other body tissues fails.…

    • 454 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Saranyu

    • 458 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Compose your own response. West Point and the Army are committed to the idea that respect for others and an understanding of diversity are important leadership traits. Why will you be successful in working with leaders, peers, and subordinates of a gender, color, ethnicity, and/or religion different from your own?…

    • 458 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Abrasion Term Papers

    • 460 Words
    • 2 Pages

    This condition is more likely to occur in people who participate in physical activities, such as running or soccer.…

    • 460 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Lymphatic system

    • 585 Words
    • 2 Pages

    What is the significance of a lower-than-normal hematocrit? What is the effect of a bacterial infection on the hematocrit? A lower than normal hematocrit indicates anemia, a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells provide oxygen to the body tissues. If you have a bacterial infection, your white blood cell count would increase because as the wbc's are fighting off the infection they die off releasing a chemical into the blood stream that tells your body to increase production of white blood cells. With a higher production of white blood cells the red blood cell production would slightly decrease which would decrease the ratio of rbc’s to whole blood volume.…

    • 585 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays

Related Topics