Psychology Chapters 13
Psychology Chapters 13.1-13.4
I. How Have Psychologists Studied Personality?
Personality- The characteristic thoughts, emotional responses, and behaviors that are relatively stable in an individual over time and across circumstances
Personality Trait- A characteristic; a dispositional tendency to act in a certain way over time and across circumstances
Personality psychologists explore the influence of culture, learning, biology, and cognition.
The notion of organization indicates that personality is a coherent whole
The organized whole is dynamic in that it is goal seeking sensitive to particular contexts and adaptive to the person’s environment
A. Psychodynamic Theories Emphasize Unconscious and Dynamic Processes
Psychodynamic Theory- Freudian theory that unconscious forces determines behavior
Id- In psychodynamic theory, the component of personality that is completely submerged in the unconscious and operates according to the pleasure principle
Superego- In psychodynamic theory, the internalization of societal and parental standards of conduct
Ego- In psychodynamic theory, the component of personality that tries to satisfy the wishes of the id while being responsive to the dictates of the superego
Defense Mechanisms- Unconscious mental strategies that the mind uses to protect itself from distress
Psychosexual stages- According to Freud, developmental stages that correspond to distinct libidinal urges; progression through these stages profoundly affects personality
A key aspect of Freudian thinking was that we are typically unaware of the forces that drive behavior or their conflict
According to this Freudian thinking, the conscious level consists of the thoughts that we are aware of, the preconscious level consists of content that isn’t currently in awareness but could be brought to awareness, and the unconscious level contains material that the mind cannot easily retrieve
Pleasure principle is referred to as the libido
Freudian model of personality is composed
I. How Have Psychologists Studied Personality?
Personality- The characteristic thoughts, emotional responses, and behaviors that are relatively stable in an individual over time and across circumstances
Personality Trait- A characteristic; a dispositional tendency to act in a certain way over time and across circumstances
Personality psychologists explore the influence of culture, learning, biology, and cognition.
The notion of organization indicates that personality is a coherent whole
The organized whole is dynamic in that it is goal seeking sensitive to particular contexts and adaptive to the person’s environment
A. Psychodynamic Theories Emphasize Unconscious and Dynamic Processes
Psychodynamic Theory- Freudian theory that unconscious forces determines behavior
Id- In psychodynamic theory, the component of personality that is completely submerged in the unconscious and operates according to the pleasure principle
Superego- In psychodynamic theory, the internalization of societal and parental standards of conduct
Ego- In psychodynamic theory, the component of personality that tries to satisfy the wishes of the id while being responsive to the dictates of the superego
Defense Mechanisms- Unconscious mental strategies that the mind uses to protect itself from distress
Psychosexual stages- According to Freud, developmental stages that correspond to distinct libidinal urges; progression through these stages profoundly affects personality
A key aspect of Freudian thinking was that we are typically unaware of the forces that drive behavior or their conflict
According to this Freudian thinking, the conscious level consists of the thoughts that we are aware of, the preconscious level consists of content that isn’t currently in awareness but could be brought to awareness, and the unconscious level contains material that the mind cannot easily retrieve
Pleasure principle is referred to as the libido
Freudian model of personality is composed