Harvard Writing Style
Library Guide on Harvard Citing and Referencing
Contents
Introduction 2
Choosing a reference style 2
What is referencing? 2
Why reference? 2
When to reference? (Plagiarism) 3
In-text references 4
Reference List 5
Abbreviations 5
Examples 6
Authors 6
Books 8
Book 8
Book chapter 8 e-book from a database 8 e-book from the Internet 9
Encyclopaedia or dictionary 9
Secondary citation 9
No date 10
Journal articles 10
Journal article 10 e-journal article from a database 10
In press article 11
Magazine article – no author 11
Newspaper articles 11
Newspaper article 11
Newspaper article from a database 11
Internet sources 12
Discussion list message 12
Newsgroup message 12
Blogs 12
Website documents 13
Course notes 13
Course notes from RMIT University Library reserve 13
Course notes from RMIT University Library e-reserve 13
Course notes from Online @ RMIT 14
Reports 14
Government publications 14
Parliamentary debates 14
Australian Bureau of Statistics 15
Legislation and Legal cases 15
Legislation 15
Legal cases 15
Other sources 16
Conference paper 16
Thesis 16
Patent 16
CD-ROM 16
Film, video, TV and radio program 17
Personal communication 17
Bibliography 17
Introduction
The author-date system originated at Harvard University, and although they no longer produce a standard guide to referencing, a version of the author-date system is still commonly referred to as the Harvard style. Other author-date referencing styles include: Chicago, APA and MLA.
The Harvard Style of referencing is widely accepted in scholarly circles. Each reference is indicated in the text by the author and date of the publication cited, sometimes with added information such as page numbers. The full details of these references are listed at the end of the text in a Reference list.
There are many different styles or ways of using the Harvard or author-date system. This document is meant only as a guide. It is
Contents
Introduction 2
Choosing a reference style 2
What is referencing? 2
Why reference? 2
When to reference? (Plagiarism) 3
In-text references 4
Reference List 5
Abbreviations 5
Examples 6
Authors 6
Books 8
Book 8
Book chapter 8 e-book from a database 8 e-book from the Internet 9
Encyclopaedia or dictionary 9
Secondary citation 9
No date 10
Journal articles 10
Journal article 10 e-journal article from a database 10
In press article 11
Magazine article – no author 11
Newspaper articles 11
Newspaper article 11
Newspaper article from a database 11
Internet sources 12
Discussion list message 12
Newsgroup message 12
Blogs 12
Website documents 13
Course notes 13
Course notes from RMIT University Library reserve 13
Course notes from RMIT University Library e-reserve 13
Course notes from Online @ RMIT 14
Reports 14
Government publications 14
Parliamentary debates 14
Australian Bureau of Statistics 15
Legislation and Legal cases 15
Legislation 15
Legal cases 15
Other sources 16
Conference paper 16
Thesis 16
Patent 16
CD-ROM 16
Film, video, TV and radio program 17
Personal communication 17
Bibliography 17
Introduction
The author-date system originated at Harvard University, and although they no longer produce a standard guide to referencing, a version of the author-date system is still commonly referred to as the Harvard style. Other author-date referencing styles include: Chicago, APA and MLA.
The Harvard Style of referencing is widely accepted in scholarly circles. Each reference is indicated in the text by the author and date of the publication cited, sometimes with added information such as page numbers. The full details of these references are listed at the end of the text in a Reference list.
There are many different styles or ways of using the Harvard or author-date system. This document is meant only as a guide. It is
Bibliography: RMIT Business 2003, Written reports and essays: guidelines for referencing and presentation in RMIT Business, RMIT University, Melbourne. Style manual for authors, editors and printers 2002, 6th edn, John Wiley & Sons, Australia. [->0] - http://www.rmit.edu.au/browse;ID=obcz6j8do3ll [->1] - http://auth.lib.rmit.edu.au/cat.php?http://eresources.lib.rmit.edu.au/ereserve/notes02/cive1057/31259006935782.pdf