Comparative Study of Indian & Usa Cooperatives
CHAPTER – I RESEARCH DESIGN 1.1 Rationale of the study
The Cooperative movement in India has its own status, role and impact in the socio-economic development of the country, specially for providing organizational and financial support to give impetus to income generating activities for weaker sections, such as small and marginal farmers, artisans, weavers, landless agriculture labours, fisherman and urban poor etc. (NCUI Statistics 2001). Today there are 5.28 lacs
(NCUI Statistics 2001)
different type of cooperative societies with a
membership of 22.87 crore, and having total working capital of about Rs. 2,85,643.35 crore and share capital of Rs. 16649 crores. Over the years, cooperatives have made concerted effort to improve the neglected and downtrodden sections of the society. The cooperative movement in India has passed through three main stages, from 1904 to 1950 called as establishment stage. During the period efforts has been made to strengthen the cooperative institutions in the economy. During 1950 to 1990 was the period of developmental & diversification stage where the movement has focuses its business in their area. Many structural, managerial &operational changes including technology, area of operation, approach, organization and methodology have been made by the cooperatives after 1990 due to paradigm shift of economic policy of India, the character of cooperative are also forced to shift from member driven to customer oriented in a competitive platform. The Government of India, through setting up of various committees, has reviewed the role of cooperatives in socio-economic development periodically. But these committees have not
undertaken the task at micro level to review of the same in regards to various types of cooperatives
1
periodically. There are only few reports prepared through evaluation studies on the subject. Since the research works on the cooperative sector in India were almost scanty, attempts have been made to
The Cooperative movement in India has its own status, role and impact in the socio-economic development of the country, specially for providing organizational and financial support to give impetus to income generating activities for weaker sections, such as small and marginal farmers, artisans, weavers, landless agriculture labours, fisherman and urban poor etc. (NCUI Statistics 2001). Today there are 5.28 lacs
(NCUI Statistics 2001)
different type of cooperative societies with a
membership of 22.87 crore, and having total working capital of about Rs. 2,85,643.35 crore and share capital of Rs. 16649 crores. Over the years, cooperatives have made concerted effort to improve the neglected and downtrodden sections of the society. The cooperative movement in India has passed through three main stages, from 1904 to 1950 called as establishment stage. During the period efforts has been made to strengthen the cooperative institutions in the economy. During 1950 to 1990 was the period of developmental & diversification stage where the movement has focuses its business in their area. Many structural, managerial &operational changes including technology, area of operation, approach, organization and methodology have been made by the cooperatives after 1990 due to paradigm shift of economic policy of India, the character of cooperative are also forced to shift from member driven to customer oriented in a competitive platform. The Government of India, through setting up of various committees, has reviewed the role of cooperatives in socio-economic development periodically. But these committees have not
undertaken the task at micro level to review of the same in regards to various types of cooperatives
1
periodically. There are only few reports prepared through evaluation studies on the subject. Since the research works on the cooperative sector in India were almost scanty, attempts have been made to
Bibliography: 254 Cooperative Initiative Project (1994) TABLE 7.5 PRIMARY LAND AND AGRICULTURE COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT BANK (As on 2000) TABLE 7.6 PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY URBAN COOPERATIVE BANKS (As on 2000) TABLE 7.7 STATISTICS OF MARKETING COOPERATIVES (As on 31st March 2001)