Amino acids
AMINO ACIDS
SUSMITA
DAS
SWAPNA
MONDAL
OBJECTIVES
To study about Amino acids.
To study the classifications of amino acids based on different headings.
To study the functions of amino acids.
INTRODUCTION
Amino acids:• Amino acids are monomers of protein.
• Amino acids are group of organic compounds which contain two functional groups. One is Amino group(NH2) and the other is Carboxyl group(COOH).
• Proteins are broken down into amino acids on hydrolysis.
• Each amino acid also have a side chain denoted by R.
CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACID
1) Based on structure
) Neutral amino Acid- These are mono amino and mono carboxylic acid.
) Aliphatic Amino Acid.
Glycine , Alanine.
) Hydroxy Amino Acid
Serine, Threonine.
) Aromatic Amino acid
Phenyl alanine, Tyrosine.
) Imino Amino Acid
Proline, Hydroxy Proline.
) Sulphur containing Amino Acid
Cysteine, Methionine.
Acidic Amino Acid- Amino acids having 2 carboxyl groups and 1 amino group. They are mono amino di carboxy acids.
Aspartic acid, Glutamic Acid.
Basic Amino Acid- Amino acids containing 2 amino groups and 1 carboxy group. Arginine, Histidine.
2) Based on Nutrition i.e according to the requirement of these in the diet
Essential Amino Acid- these cannot be synthesized in our body and hence have to be provided in our diet.
Required for proper growth.
Phenyl alanine, Tryptophan.
Semi essential Amino Acid- These are not synthesized in sufficient amount during growth. Essential in growing children, during pregnancy and lactation.
Histidine, Arginine.
Non essential Amino Acid- Can be formed from carbohydrates and essential amino acids. These are synthesized in our body.
Alanine, Tyrosine.
3) Based on metabolic fate
Glucogenic Amino Acid- Amino acids which can form glucose.
Aspartate, Glutamate.
Ketogenic Amino Acid- Amino acids which can form Ketone bodies.
Leucine, Lysine.
Glucognic and Ketogenic Amino Acids- Amino acids which can form both glucose and ketone bodies.
Phenyl alanine,
SUSMITA
DAS
SWAPNA
MONDAL
OBJECTIVES
To study about Amino acids.
To study the classifications of amino acids based on different headings.
To study the functions of amino acids.
INTRODUCTION
Amino acids:• Amino acids are monomers of protein.
• Amino acids are group of organic compounds which contain two functional groups. One is Amino group(NH2) and the other is Carboxyl group(COOH).
• Proteins are broken down into amino acids on hydrolysis.
• Each amino acid also have a side chain denoted by R.
CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACID
1) Based on structure
) Neutral amino Acid- These are mono amino and mono carboxylic acid.
) Aliphatic Amino Acid.
Glycine , Alanine.
) Hydroxy Amino Acid
Serine, Threonine.
) Aromatic Amino acid
Phenyl alanine, Tyrosine.
) Imino Amino Acid
Proline, Hydroxy Proline.
) Sulphur containing Amino Acid
Cysteine, Methionine.
Acidic Amino Acid- Amino acids having 2 carboxyl groups and 1 amino group. They are mono amino di carboxy acids.
Aspartic acid, Glutamic Acid.
Basic Amino Acid- Amino acids containing 2 amino groups and 1 carboxy group. Arginine, Histidine.
2) Based on Nutrition i.e according to the requirement of these in the diet
Essential Amino Acid- these cannot be synthesized in our body and hence have to be provided in our diet.
Required for proper growth.
Phenyl alanine, Tryptophan.
Semi essential Amino Acid- These are not synthesized in sufficient amount during growth. Essential in growing children, during pregnancy and lactation.
Histidine, Arginine.
Non essential Amino Acid- Can be formed from carbohydrates and essential amino acids. These are synthesized in our body.
Alanine, Tyrosine.
3) Based on metabolic fate
Glucogenic Amino Acid- Amino acids which can form glucose.
Aspartate, Glutamate.
Ketogenic Amino Acid- Amino acids which can form Ketone bodies.
Leucine, Lysine.
Glucognic and Ketogenic Amino Acids- Amino acids which can form both glucose and ketone bodies.
Phenyl alanine,