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ADAPTING LIFESTYLES TO CHANGING RAINFALL PATTERN IN KENYA

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ADAPTING LIFESTYLES TO CHANGING RAINFALL PATTERN IN KENYA
ADAPTING LIFESTYLES TO CHANGING RAINFALL PATTERN IN KENYA
ABSTRACT
In the recent years, rain-dependent activities such as Agriculture in the tropical zone had been entirely dependent on the regular patterns and timing of the onset, amount and duration of the rains, people depended on their indigenous knowledge of these precipitation trends to predict the planting and harvesting seasons, nowadays, reliance on these native self-knowhow to plan agricultural activities and day to day chores has proven terribly mistaken; most studies has laid all the blame on climate change (global warming), a consistent erratic pattern and extremes in rainfall availability (floods and droughts) has interrupted all rain-fed activities in Kenya today. This paper attempts to diagnose the Changing Rainfall Patterns (CRP), the causes, the effects and more importantly, how to best adapt to its impacts on lifestyle of Kenyans. The main objective is to inform Kenyans on best adaptation measures to the CRP from an informed and reliable point of argument. Through a comprehensive desktop data review and analysis, the paper sought in-depth information from past reports, government documents, books, and journals which was aggregated to comprise a seamless, logical and comprehensive document on how Kenyans can adopt and embrace the situation and suit their lifestyles to the CRP. Chapter one highlights the main idea of the paper, i.e. it connects the topic of the paper to the purpose of the study while also considering the core objectives of this paper; the first chapter gives a global, regional, and a local dissection of the issue under scrutiny and then draws contemporary context of the study focus area. Chapter two is more of a literature review on the topic of the paper where works and researchers’ work on related topics and issues have been studied and referenced to give ground and base to this study, the third chapter is more of a discursive part which considers best way forward after



References: 3. IPCC, I.-P.P.o.C.C., Climate change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. 2007: United Kingdom. p. 127-131. 4. Dore, M.H.I., Climate change and changes in global precipitation patterns: What do we know? Science Direct, 2005. 31: p. 1167 – 1181. 5. Leonard, N., Diagnostics and predictability of East African rainfall with tropospheric circulation parameters Research Kenya, 2006. 7. Ochola, S.O., Integrated Flood Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk Assessment in Nyando River Catchment, Kenya: options for Land Use Planning. 2009, Sierke Verlag, Gottingen. 8. Otiende, H., The Economic Impacts of Climate Change in Kenya: Riparian Flood Impacts and Cost of Adaptation., in Kenya National Advisory Committee for the DFID funded study on the Economic Impacts of Climate Change in Kenya. 2009. 9. Kevin, T., Changes in precipitation with climate change. Climate Research, 2011. 47(1): p. 123-138. 11. Zhang, X., et al., Temperature and precipitation trends in Canada during the 20th century. Atmos-Ocean, 2000. 38: p. 395-429. 12. Haylock, M. and M. Nicholls, Trends in extreme rainfall indices for an updated high quality data set for Australia, 1910– 1998. International Climatol, 2000. 20(2000): p. 1533-1541. 15. GoK, G.o.K., Kenya National Environmental Action Plan 2009 - 2013. 2008, National Environment Management Authority (NEMA): Plessey House, Uhuru Highway, KENYA. 16. KNBS, K.N.B.o.S., Kenya 2009 Population and Housing Census Report, K.N.B.o. Statistics, Editor. 2010, Kenya National Bureau of Statistics: Nairobi. 19. Margiti. Kenya (Climate). 2013 [cited 2013 February 5]; Available from: http://www.margiti.com/Kenya_%28Climate%29. 20. UNEP, U.N.E.P. and G.o.K. GoK, Devastating Drought in Kenya. Environmental Impacts and Responses. 2000, UNEP/GoK: Nairobi, Kenya. 21. Mogaka, H., et al., Climate Variability and Water Resources Degradation in Kenya: Improving Water Resources Development and Management, in World Bank Working Paper No. 60. 2006: Washington DC, USA. 22. RedCross, K., Drought Appeal 2009—Alleviating Human Suffering, D.S.G.D. Kenya Red Cross Society (KRCS), Kenya Food Security Steering Group (KFSSG), Editor. 2009. 23. Mutai, C. and S. Ochola, Climate Change and Variability, in State of the Environment Report, L.N.G. Hannington K. Mukiira., Maurice Otieno., Stephen M. King 'uyu., , Editor. 2009, UNEP: Nairobi - Kenya. 24. Otto, S., Potential Impacts of Global Warming: Case Studies on Climate Change. 1999, Geneva. 25. Betch, R., Environmental effects of the floricultural industry on the Lake Naivasha Basin. International Institute for GeoInformation Science and Earth Observation, 2007. 28. Phyu, A., Unusual rainfall patterns due to climate change: meteorology dept. the Myanmartimes. 2010(26): p. 504. 29. Washington, R., et al., African Climate Change: Taking the Shorter route. . Bulletin of the American Meteorology Society, 2006. 87: p. 1355-1366. 32. Mutai., C.C., et al., CHAPTER 3; CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY, in Kenya State of the Environment, Elias H.O Ayiemba and E. Massawa, Editors. 2010: Nairobi, KENYA.

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