Natural Source Man-made source Effect on health Methods of reduction Carbon monoxide (CO) Atmospheric oxidation of methane (plant degradation) CH4 + ½ O2 CO + 2 H2 Natural forest fires Incomplete combustion of fossil fuels C8H18 + 8 ½ O2 8 CO + 9 H2O Forest fires Prevents hemoglobin from carrying oxygen by forming carboxyhemoglobin Headaches Shortness of breath Unconsciousness Death Lean-burn engines decrease fuel-air ratio to 18 CO(g) + O(g) 2 CO2 Catalytic converter which achieve high rate of
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condensation formed from the heptane flame. Reactants: C7H16 and O2 Products: CO2 and H2O Balanced chemical equation C7H16 + O2 7CO2 + 2H2O Table 8.3- Single replacement reaction of sodium Observations Test tube was hot after reaction; exothermic reaction took place; sodium was malleable; when sodium was added to diH2O it popped and fizzled; solution turned pink when phenolphthalein was added. Reactants: Na and H2O Products: H2 and NaOH Balanced chemical equation 2Na + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2
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positive inspiratory pressure that decreases the WOB and provides comfort. PS further decreases the WOB by overcoming the additional work related to resistance in the ETT. PS‚ which usually starts at pressures of 15 to 25 cmH2O‚ is weaned down to 5 – 8 cm H2O‚ at which time the patient is ready for a SBT. Another school of thought claims that PS should not be weaned to less than 10 cmH2O‚ as the positive pressure below this will no longer overcome ETT resistance and therefore WOB might increase
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often see it with a subscript: χsolute is an example. Example #1: 0.100 mole of NaCl is dissolved into 100.0 grams of pure H2O. What is the mole fraction of NaCl? Solution: 100.0 g / 18.0 g mol¯1 = 5.56 mol of H2O Add that to the 0.100 mol of NaCl = 5.56 + 0.100 = 5.66 mol total Mole fraction of NaCl = 0.100 mol / 5.66 mol = 0.018 What is the mole fraction of the H2O? 5.56 mol / 5.66 mol = 0.982 By the way‚ another way to figure out the last substance is 1.00 minus (the total of all other
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irritate the respiratory tract and also if contacted with eyes‚ the chemical may cause slight irritation. If sodium bicarbonate is inhaled‚ symptoms may include coughing and sneezing. (j) Are there any environmental concerns with this chemical? There are not any environmental concerns with this chemical. (k) Describe how you would decompose sodium bicarbonate. In your description include a temperature at which NaHCO3 would decompose. Sodium bicarbonate will start decomposing when heated at a temperature
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and produces an anhydrous salt and water (in the form of steam). BaCl2(2H2O (s ) ( BaCl2 (s) + 2 H2O (g) Examples and Problems Problem 1-Theoretical Percentage Calculate the theoretical percentage of water in barium chloride dihydrate. Solution: The formula mass of BaCl2(2H2O is Ba 1 x 137.3 = 137.3 amu Cl 2 x 35.5 = 71.0 amu H2O 2 x 18.0 = 36.0 amu 244.3 amu The theoretical percentage of water is found by dividing the water of
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#9 was determined by experiment to be 60.0 g/mol. What is the molecular formula? 11. Aniline‚ a starting material for urethane plastic foams‚ consists of C‚ H‚ and N. Combustion of such compounds yields CO2‚ H2O‚ and N2 as products. If the combustion of 9.71 g of aniline yields 6.63 g H2O and 1.46 g N2‚ what is its empirical formula? 12. The molar mass of aniline is 93 g/mol. What is its molecular formula? 13. Calculate the mass percent of carbon‚ nitrogen and oxygen in acetamide‚ C2H5NO.
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also rises 4. Temperature C | Your data KNO3 in grams per 100 ml of H2O | CCZ data KNO3 in grams per 100ml of H2O | 35 C | 49 | 49 | 35 C | 49 | 49 | 70 C | 135 | 180 | 5. Data pointGrams of KNO3 in grams per 100ml of H2O at C | Your data saturated‚ unsaturated or supersaturated | CCZ data saturated‚ unsaturated or supersaturated | 75g of KNO3/100g H2O at 40 C | Saturated | Not saturated | 60g of KNO3 /100g H2O at 50 C | Not saturated | Not saturated | 80g of KNO3/100g H20 at
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Chem 107 HW 8 (16‚ 26‚ 32‚ 38) 16. Determine how much energy is released or required for the reaction shown. Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic? CO2 + 2 H2O → CH4 + 2 O2 This reaction is endothermic 26. Why can’t we digest fiber? We cannot digest fiber because we lack the enzyme capable of breaking the sugar linkages in cellulose. 32. Why is unsaturated fat considered much healthier than saturated or trans fat? Unsaturated fat provides benefits of fat in the diet without the risk
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113 Lab 10/13/2011 1) Method 1: Adding acid NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + CO2 + H2O a) Unknown mixture of NaCl and NaHCO3 Mass of unknown mixture (NaCl + NaHCO3) | 3 g | Mass of HCl | 30 .31g | Mass of products ( NaCl + H2O ) | 26.98 g | Calculate mass of CO2 | 6.33g | Calculate mass of NaHCO3 | 12 .1 g | i) Calculation : Mass of CO2 = [Mass of unknown mixture (NaCl + NaHCO3) + Mass of HCl ] – [Mass of NaCl + H2O] = (3 g + 30.31 g) – 26.98 g = 6.33g Mass of NaHCO3 : 6.33 g CO2 * 1 mol
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