PHOBIAS A phobia is an excessive or unreasonable fear of an object‚ place or situation. Simple phobias are fears of specific things such as insects‚ infections‚ flying. Agoraphobia is a fear of being in places where one feels "trapped" or unable to get help‚ such as in crowds‚ on a bus‚ or standing in a queue. A social phobia is a marked fear of social or performance situations. Phobias are extremely common. Sometimes they start in childhood for no apparent reason; sometimes they emerge after a
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Phobias and Addictions PSY 300 August 11‚ 2013 Dr. Hawkins Phobias and Addictions Learning is an unwavering change in an individual because of an experience or set of experiences (Ricker‚ 2013). Learning can be achieved in a variety of approaches‚ classical‚ and operant conditioning as well as positive reinforcement. The classical and operant conditioning methods were derived by B. F. Skinner and Ivan Pavlov. Kowalski and Westen (2011) noted‚ “Classical conditioning as learning in which
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Phobias and Addictions PSY/300 Bonnie Johnson 09/22/2014 Phobias and Addictions Phobias and addictions are two emotional difficulties that people throughout the world suffer from. Herein we will explore these emotional difficulties as they relate to classical and operant conditioning. More precisely‚ how phobias can be developed through classical conditioning and how addictions can be developed through operant conditioning. Moreover‚ this paper
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Blushing and Physiological Arousability in Social Phobia Introduction This paper will provide a critique of the article titled "Blushing and Physiological Arousability in Social Phobia‚" (Gerlach et al.‚ 2001) located in the Journal of Abnormal Psychology (Vol. 110‚ No. 2). Blushing is defined as: "to become red in the face especially from shame or embarrassment. " It is believed that blushing involves physiological‚ behavioral‚ and cognitive factors which react with one another. The actual
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Conditioning A phobia can be developed in classical conditioning when you produce a fear tactic with it. Like the example with Little Albert. At the age he was he wasn’t afraid of the rabbit‚ dog‚ or any of the other things they put in front of him. When they kept hitting the pole behind him scaring him over and over he then associated that scary sound with the object in front of him. He also turned on anything that looked like that object. I don’t think that you are born with a phobia of anything
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explanation of phobias Genetic factors One biological explanation for the cause of phobic disorders suggests that we can relate it back to our genetics. This theory values the ‘nature’ side in the nature vs nurture debate. This theory uses twin studies to try and separate genetic factors from environmental factors in order to draw a causal conclusion between genetics and phobias. If a closer concordance rate was found between MZ and DZ twins we could suggest a genetic inheritance for the phobia. Kindler
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Describe and evaluate behavioural treatments for phobias? (10 marks) The behavioural treatments for anxiety disorders such as phobias aim to extinguish the association between the anxiety provoking situations and the patient’s responses to it. This is done in treatment methods such systematic desensitisation and flooding. Within these treatments classical conditioning is used to change your behaviour by associating undesirable behaviour with something unpleasant or associating desirable behaviours
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Hundreds of people go through anxiety attacks‚ deal with phobias‚ and some‚ a fear of enclosed spaces. Imagine dealing with one of these every single day. People do‚ and don’t even realize that it’s not just them; it is an actual problem that they can learn to cope with. Claustrophobia is "morbid"� fear of enclosed spaces. A more accurate description might be a fear of not having an easy escape route. There still is not one actual cure for this phobia‚ but there are many treatments that may help you overcome
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Types of Conditioning Phobias and Addictions Todd Hague PSY/300 August 28‚ 2013 Richard Johnston Types of Conditioning Phobia and Addictions Phobias and addictions can be very difficult on a mental standpoint. The definition of a phobia is an exaggerated usually inexplicable and illogical fear of a particular object‚ class of objects‚ or situation (Webster). There are many kinds of phobias such as‚ Cynophobia the fear of dogs could be a result of being bitten as a child or being cornered
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