A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses can infect all types of organisms‚ from animals and plants to bacteria and archaea.[1] Since Dmitri Ivanovsky’s 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants‚ and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898‚[2] about 5‚000 viruses have been described in detail‚[3] although there are millions of different types.[4] Viruses are found in
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Bacterial Contamination April 15‚ 2013 Bacteria Contamination The definition of bacterial contamination is food contamination refers to foods that are spoiled or tainted because they either contain microorganisms‚ such as bacteria or parasites‚ or toxic substances that make them unfit for consumption This is very serious and people should take more precaution‚ food contamination is a serious because it results in foodborne diseases that each year affect an estimated seventy-six million
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LEARNING ACTIVITY 3.2 essay The Australian land and its flora and fauna are very unique compared to other continents. There are three main reasons for this‚ biological isolation‚ geological stability and the erratic climate. Firstly biological isolation has meant that over the last 40 million years Australia has been separated from all other continents‚ this was the cause from the separation from Gondwanaland around 55 million years ago. This means the Australian flora and
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- A supportive environment is one that promotes health and assist people in making healthy lifestyle choices. Today’s societies are extremely complicated and interrelated. The inseparable connections between individuals and their surroundings or environment constitutes the foundation for a socioecological way to deal with wellbeing. The general controlling standard for the world‚ countries‚ communities and regions alike‚ is the need to energize equal upkeep - to deal with and take care of one another
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about 100‚000-120‚000 deaths. There is a short incubation period of two hours to five days‚ which greatly enhances the potential of cholera’s dangerous outbreak pattern. About seventy-five percent of cases do not have any symptoms‚ even though the bacteria are present in their feces for 7-14 days post infection and are shed back into the environment‚ potentially infecting other people. Approximately 5% of infected persons will have severe disease characterized by profuse “rice water” like diarrhea
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BACTERIA Period: 4 Characteristics: 3 major shapes Cocci Basilli Spirilla 3 major components Mesosomes flagella Plasmids Growing Up: Bacteria can obtain energy through phototrophs(sunlight)‚ lithotrophs(inorganic compounds)‚ and organotrophs(organic compounds) Marriage/Reproduction Binary Fission: The process by which all bacteria reproduce. It results in the separation of a single cell into two. Transformation: genetic alteration
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Biology: Unit 1: Diversity Of Life Fungi Fungi: are multi-cellular heterotrophs that use external digestion‚ and often grow out of sight‚ underground → fungi have nothing in common with plants other then the fact that they are stationary‚ and grow in the ground. They are not photosynthetic‚ and they do not produce their own food. Characteristics/ Cell Structure: * Mesh like bodies‚ composed of branching networks of filaments called mycelium * Mycelium: a branched mass of hyphae
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DOLP- Fungi General Structure and Function: For many years‚ fungi were classified into the plantae kingdom because the two kingdoms seemed to be alike; but now‚ we know that they are all too different. In fact‚ the fungi kingdom is more closely related to the animalia kingdom. Some of the only notable similarities between the fungi and plantae kingdoms are that they are both made of eukaryotic cells‚ both immobile‚ both contain cell walls (although made of different material)‚ and both evolved
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eat brains...although there are some....later! Another argument is that viruses should not be added to the tree of life...even the big viruses...but then the concept of a tree of life may be outdated as well2‚3. So‚ back to some virology. A virus can not make more of itself‚ or multiply‚ without help from the contents of living cells (lets leave
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Bacterial Smears Are Fixed before Staining to? Answer It is important to heat fix the bacterial smear before staining so as to‚ kill the bacteria‚ firmly adhere the smear on to the microscopic slide to prevent washing off during staining‚ and to allow the sample to readily take up the stain. Reference: www2.hendrix.edu What is the purpose of heat- fixing the smear? It helps the cells adhere to the slide so that they can be stained. The purpose of heat fixing is to kill the organisms without
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