August 4‚ 2009 What is Database Normalization? Database Normalization is a systematic way of ensuring that a database structure is suitable for general – purpose quering and normalization is the process of efficently organizing data in a database. This process was first introduced in 1970 by E.F. Codd and has since been redefined to higher normal forms. The two goals of the normalization process are: eliminating redundant data and ensuring that data dependencies make sense. These goals reduce
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Normalization of Database Tables Database Tables and Normalization * Normalization is a process for assigning attributes to entities. It reduces data redundancies and helps eliminate the data anomalies. * Normalization works through a series of stages called normal forms: * First normal form (1NF) * Second normal form (2NF) * Third normal form (3NF) * Fourth normal form (4NF) * The highest level of normalization is not always desirable. * The Need
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advantages and disadvantages of normalization. The process of normalization brings about organization to the database that it is applied to. Normalization makes everyone’s job easier due to the fact that it gets rid of as much useless data as possible. Repeated data is processed and simplified into single data. Repeated data‚ for example such as having someone named JOHN DOE in one table and the same person’s name JOHNNY M. DOE in another table. Modifying a table with as little data as possible
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Chapter 11 Relational Database Design Algorithms and Further Dependencies Chapter Outline 0. Designing a Set of Relations 1. Properties of Relational Decompositions 2. Algorithms for Relational Database Schema 3. Multivalued Dependencies and Fourth Normal Form 4. Join Dependencies and Fifth Normal Form 5. Inclusion Dependencies 6. Other Dependencies and Normal Forms DESIGNING A SET OF RELATIONS Goals: Lossless join property (a must) Algorithm 11.1 tests
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NORMALIZATION (Breaking down of a big single table into smaller ones) 1st STEP: UNF (Un-normalized Form) – A table with repeating groups of data OrderInvoice(OrderNo‚ OrderDate‚ CustNo‚ CustName‚ CustTel‚ CustContactPerson‚ {ItemCode‚ ItemDesc‚ UnitPrice‚ Quantity}) 2nd STEP: 1NF (First Normal Form) – Remove Repeating Groups How? By creating another table for the repeated data (the ones in curly bracket) 1. OrderInvoice(OrderNo‚ OrderDate‚ CustNo‚ CustName‚ CustTel‚ CustContactPerson) – orderInvoice
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GRAND ASTORIA HOTEL RESERVATION WEBSITE A Project Presented to the Faculty of STI College-Zamboanga In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology by Calisang‚ Ellis Marc D. Caramonte‚ Edcel B. Lim‚ Jason Justin O. Abdu-Shakoor L. Ibrahim Project Adviser October 2012 ADVISER’S RECOMMENDATION SHEET This Project entitled GRAND ASTORIA HOTEL
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in a relational database. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 6 13. A one-to-many relationship means that an occurrence of a specific entity can only exist once in each table. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 6 14. Data redundancy is created through a process known as normalization. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 7-8 15. If a primary key has been identified for the data‚ then the data is considered to be in first normal form (1NF). ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 9 16. Partial dependency can only exist if the data is uniquely identified by
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How Normalization Can Be Used to Check Relations Data normalization is a technique used during logical data modeling to ensure that there is only one way to know a fact‚ by removing all structures that provide more than one way to know the same fact as represented in a database relation (table). There are six generally recognized normal forms of a relation: first normal form‚ second normal form‚ third normal form‚ Boyce/Codd normal form‚ fourth normal form‚ and fifth normal form‚ also called projection/join
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Data Ware House Normalization it’s a process of splitting data into 2 or more entities to reduce data redundancy. Normal Forms: 1. A database table must contain no repeating groups 2. All non-key attributes of a table must rely on the entire key of the table. 3. All non-key fields must depend solely on the table’s primary key. First Business Normal Form: removes repeating groups to another entity. This entity takes its name and primary (compound) key attributes‚ from the original entity and forms
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Service Request Memo Normalization Cynthia Erney Database Concepts DBM/381 August 21‚ 2012 Nongxin Rao‚ PhD To: the Technical Services/Logistics Manager at Taylor Ambulance RE: Service Request SR-ta-001 Scheduling System Database This memo is to inform you that your service request SR-ta-001 has reached my desk and currently is in the process of being completed. The purpose of this memo is to report the progress on the service requests. Currently I am in the stage of normalizing the database
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