Marxism
The heart of the emancipatory theory of Marxism is the idea that the full realization of human freedom, potential, and dignity can only be achieved uner conditions of “classlessness – the vision of a radically egalitarian society in terms of power and material welfare within which exploitation has been eliminated, distribution is based on the principle “to each according to need, from each according to ability” and the control over societ’ys basic productive resources is vested in the community rather than in private ownership. 124
Wright states, “instead of seeing “classlessness” as the practical normative principle motivating Marxeist theory, this principle might better be though of as “less classness.” This implies a shift from an idealized end state to a variable process. Capitalisms vary in the degree of exploitation and inequality that characterize their class structures and in the extent to which socialist elements have interpenetrated the system of production. 131
This perhaps requires a departure from the traditional model “First, the explanandum can be shifted from historical trajectory to historical possibility. Instead of trying to ecplain the overall trajectory of human history or even the trajectory of capitalism as more or less determinate sequence of stages, it may be more useful to focus on the ways in which alternative futures are opened up or closed off by particular historical conditions. A theory of historical possibility might develop into a stronger theory of historical trajectories, but it does not presume that sequences follow a single trajectory as opposed to a variety of possible trajectories. “Second, instead of understanding historical variation in terms of discrete, qualitatively discontinuous modes of production as in classical Marxism, historical variation can be analyzed in terms of more complex patterns of decomposition and recombination of elements of modes or production.
This would mean also that commodity fetishism
Wright states, “instead of seeing “classlessness” as the practical normative principle motivating Marxeist theory, this principle might better be though of as “less classness.” This implies a shift from an idealized end state to a variable process. Capitalisms vary in the degree of exploitation and inequality that characterize their class structures and in the extent to which socialist elements have interpenetrated the system of production. 131
This perhaps requires a departure from the traditional model “First, the explanandum can be shifted from historical trajectory to historical possibility. Instead of trying to ecplain the overall trajectory of human history or even the trajectory of capitalism as more or less determinate sequence of stages, it may be more useful to focus on the ways in which alternative futures are opened up or closed off by particular historical conditions. A theory of historical possibility might develop into a stronger theory of historical trajectories, but it does not presume that sequences follow a single trajectory as opposed to a variety of possible trajectories. “Second, instead of understanding historical variation in terms of discrete, qualitatively discontinuous modes of production as in classical Marxism, historical variation can be analyzed in terms of more complex patterns of decomposition and recombination of elements of modes or production.
This would mean also that commodity fetishism